In one form, a data transmission system includes transmission and reception circuits. The transmission circuit includes a first driver having an input for receiving a first transmit data signal, an output, a positive power supply terminal for receiving an input/output (I/O) power supply voltage, and a negative terminal for receiving an I/O ground voltage, a second driver having an input for receiving the I/O power supply voltage, an output, and a positive power supply terminal for receiving the I/O power supply voltage, and a third driver having an input for receiving the I/O ground voltage, an output, and a negative power supply terminal coupled to the I/O ground voltage. The reception circuit forms a reference voltage based an average of signal content below a predetermined frequency of outputs of the second and third drivers, and receives a signal from the output of the first driver using the reference voltage.

A lighting system waveform shaping circuit (WSC) includes a line voltage input, a line voltage output connectable to an input voltage port of a control unit, a neutral line input connectable to a neutral line of a voltage power source, and the WSC including an impedance matching network (IMN) configured to alter an input impedance of the lighting control circuit. In one embodiment, the IMN can include a resistor in series with the line voltage input, and an actively-controlled bypass switch in parallel with the resistor. In another embodiment, the IMN can include respective ferrite chokes surrounding the input and the output voltage lines, a capacitor between the line voltage input and the neutral line input, a capacitor between the neutral line input and a protected earth ground, and a resistor in series between the neutral line input and the lighting control unit neutral line input port.

A cupped structure formed by walls having a cup shape are fastened to a radio to surround at least the speaker area of the radio with the walls. The sound is allowed to exit the radio through cupped structure. The sound exiting the cupped structure is amplified.

An integrated circuit is described herein. According to one or more embodiments, the integrated circuit includes a local oscillator with a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) that generates a local oscillator signal. Further, the integrated circuit includes a frequency divider coupled to the VCO downstream thereof. The frequency divider provides a frequency-divided local oscillator signal by reducing the frequency of the local oscillator signal by a constant factor. A first test pad of the integrated circuit is configured to receive a reference oscillator signal. Further, the integrated circuit includes a first mixer that receives the reference oscillator signal and the frequency-divided local oscillator signal to down-convert the frequency-divided local oscillator signal.

A signal receiving apparatus includes a signal processing circuit, an adjacent-channel interference (ACI) filter and an ACI detecting circuit. The signal processing circuit performs a signal processing process on an input signal to generate a processed signal. The ACI filter filters out ACI from the processed signal to generate a filtered signal. The ACI detecting circuit detects an energy difference between the processed signal and the filtered signal, and provides the energy difference to the signal processing circuit as a reference for adjusting the signal processing process.

An integrated circuit includes a first terminal for receiving a data signal, a second terminal for receiving an external reference voltage, a receiver, and a reference voltage generation circuit. The receiver is powered by a power supply voltage with respect to ground and has a first input coupled to the first terminal, a second input for receiving a shared reference voltage, and an output for providing a data input signal. The reference voltage generation circuit is coupled to the second terminal and receives the power supply voltage. The reference voltage generation circuit is operable to form the shared reference voltage by mixing noise from the power supply voltage and noise from the second terminal.

An electronic device includes a sense amplifier. The sense amplifier includes a pair of load transistors cross-coupled to each other, a pair of input transistors coupled to the pair of load transistors, a first current path, and a second current path. The pair of input transistors is configured to receive a pair of input signals and enable generation of a pair of output signals from the pair of input signals during a duty cycle of a clock signal. The first current path is coupled to the pair of input transistors via a tail node and controlled by the clock signal to couple the tail node to a power supply and enable generation of the pair of output signals during the duty cycle of the clock signal. A second current path electrically couples the tail node to the power supply, independently of switching of the clock signal.

An electronic device may include wireless circuitry with a transmit antenna that transmits signals and a receive antenna that receives reflected signals. The wireless circuitry may detect a range between the device and an external object based on the transmitted signals and the reflected signals. When the range exceeds a first threshold, the wireless circuitry may use the transmitted signals and received signals to record background noise. When the range is less than a second threshold value, the wireless circuitry may detect the range based on the reflected signals and the recorded background noise. This may allow the range to be accurately measured within an ultra-short range domain even when the device is placed in different device cases, placed on different surfaces, etc.

In a communication apparatus, an analog circuit includes a circuit element to be connected to a first conductor, and processes a differential signal. A communication circuit receives, via a connection circuit, a differential signal processed by the analog circuit, and generates a signal for which the potential of a second conductor is used as a reference potential based on the received differential signal. An inductor is connected between the first conductor and the second conductor. The connection circuit includes a circuit element different from a capacitor. The analog circuit (21), the connection circuit, the communication circuit, the inductor, the first conductor, and the second conductor are housed in a conductive housing box.

A power line communication method for realizing data communication between at least one first or sending power line communication partner device and at least one second or receiving power line communication partner device. The method checks transmission conditions of a plurality of possible communication channels, thereby generating transmission condition data descriptive for the communication conditions of the respective possible communication channels. Additionally, communication conditions of the plurality of possible communication channels are selected as actual communication conditions based on the transmission condition data.