Methods and apparatuses for carrier selection are described. In one example, a method of carrier selection for a frequency-hopping wireless communication device includes using a fixed set of available carriers to hop over during communications. The method includes allocating a subset of the available carriers to a long-range carrier class. In one example, the subset of available carriers consists of at least two carrier clusters spaced widely in the frequency spectrum. The method further includes monitoring a transmit power level in the wireless communication device. The method further includes using the long-range carrier class to hop over during communications if the wireless communication device transmit power is greater than a predetermined level.

A communication device, including a plurality of transceiver modules; a storage configured to store calibration information; and at least one processor configured to: generate a first dual-polarized RF signal by controlling a first transceiver module to generate a first RF signal based on the calibration information; measure, by a second transceiver module, a first signal power of the first dual-polarized RF signal; adjust a parameter of the first transceiver module, and generate a second dual-polarized RF signal by controlling the first transceiver module to generate a second RF signal based on the adjusted parameter; measure, by the second transceiver module, a second signal power of the second dual-polarized RF signal; and generate an aligned dual-polarized RF signal by controlling the plurality of transceiver modules to generate a plurality of RF signals based on a result of a comparison between the first signal power and the second signal power.

Mismatch detection using periodic structures is provided. Embodiments described herein can measure and detect mismatch between two loads in a radio frequency (RF) system without the need for external calibration by referencing their measurements into a small set of parameters that are intrinsic to the RF system design. This approach can be used to compare impedances of two loads and measure their impedances relative to each other without requiring any external calibration (e.g., the approach does not assume any prior known physical quantities in the system, such as a reference impedance). This approach can be used to compare the two loads to each other, as well as to quantify the amount of mismatch between these loads by calculating reflection coefficient between the loads. Loads can be passive devices, such as antennas, or they can be active devices, such as amplifiers.

A network device obtains EMF strength of each grid in a first grid group. The first grid group includes M grids obtained by dividing a signal coverage area of the network device, and M is an integer greater than 1. The network device determines a second grid group based on EMF strength of the M grids. The second grid group includes at least a first grid and a second grid, a coverage area of the first grid is greater than that of the second grid, and EMF strength of the first grid is lower than EMF strength of the second grid. The network device monitors EMF strength of a coverage area of the second grid group based on the second grid group, to adjust the EMF strength of the coverage area of the second grid group.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). In a wireless communication system, a transmission apparatus comprises at least one antenna port for transmitting/receiving a signal, an analogue filter for selecting the frequency of the signal, and a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) detection unit for measuring the VSWR of the antenna port, wherein the VSWR detection unit is configured to detect both a forward signal and a reverse signal for an input terminal of the analogue filter, to determine the respective power values of a forward signal and a reverse signal for an output terminal of the analogue filter by applying characteristic parameters of the analogue filter to the detected forward signal and receive signal, and to determine the VSWR of the antenna port on the basis of the respective power values of the forward signal and the reverse signal for the output terminal of the analogue filter.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining a reference signal, power information regarding the reference signal, and maximum power threshold for the communication device from a base station over a communication network. Further embodiments can include measuring a power of reference signal obtained from the base station resulting in a measure power, and determining a path loss between the base station and the communication device based on the measured power. Additional embodiments can include adjusting the antenna array to generate a coarse power adjustment for the communication device based on the path loss and the maximum power threshold, and providing a transmission signal to the base station according to the coarse power adjustment over the communication network. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may determine a blockage condition associated with at least one antenna element of a plurality of antenna elements. The UE may deactivate a set of antenna elements of the plurality of antenna elements based at least in part on the determination of the blockage condition, wherein the set of antenna elements includes the at least one antenna element. The UE may transmit, based at least in part on deactivating the set of antenna elements, an indication of a beam correspondence state. The UE may communicate using an activated set of antenna elements of the plurality of antenna elements. Numerous other aspects are described.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a wireless device, information indicating an amplitude control capability of the UE. The UE may receive, from the wireless device, a communication using amplitude control. Numerous other aspects are described.

An operation system including: a prediction unit configured to determine a predicted value of a motion of an operator at a prediction time that is a time after elapse of a prediction time interval from the present using a predetermined machine learning model from a biomedical signal of the operator; a control unit configured to control a motion of a robot on the basis of the predicted value; and a prediction time setting unit configured to determine the prediction time interval on the basis of a delay time from a current value of the motion of the operator to the motion of the robot.

A monitoring system and monitoring method for detecting a spectral anomaly in a cellular wireless network, in particular a 5G private uRLLC network, wherein an RF receiver monitors the cellular wireless network spectrum and derives spectrum and/or physical measurement values of the spectrum of the cellular wireless network, and a processing unit of the monitoring system executes a spectral anomaly neural network trained by a machine learning algorithm in a training system, wherein the processing unit obtains the spectrum and/or the physical measurement values of the spectrum and processes it to detect a spectral anomaly information. Further, a training system and training method for training a spectral anomaly neural network, wherein the training system/method is used in a cellular wireless network, in particular a 5G private uRLLC network, and an RF receiver of the training system monitors the cellular wireless network spectrum and derives spectrum and/or physical measurement values of the spectrum of the cellular wireless network, and a processor of the training system executes a machine learning algorithm to train the spectral anomaly neural network based upon the derived spectrum and/or physical measurement values of the spectrum of the cellular wireless network.