A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a plurality of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols; and a guard interval (GI) inserter configured to insert GIs into the generated frame, wherein the plurality of OFDM symbols are divided into a bootstrap, a preamble, and a payload, and the GI inserter inserts first GIs having a size corresponding to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) size of each of OFDM symbols configuring the payload into front ends of each of the OFDM symbols, inserts second GIs having a size corresponding to a quotient obtained by dividing an extra region of the payload calculated based on the FFT size of the OFDM symbols configuring the payload, the number of OFDM symbols, and the size of the first GIs by the number of OFDM symbols into front ends of each of the first GIs, and inserts a cyclic postfix (CP) having a size corresponding to the remainder remaining after dividing the extra region of the payload by the number of OFDM symbols into a rear end of a final OFDM symbol configuring the payload.

A radio receiver is disclosed. The radio receiver includes a plurality of receiving ports to receive identical audio streams, a history buffer and a controller for retrieving information from a first stream in the plurality of identical audio streams that is received first. the controller is configured to store the retrieved information in the history buffer and compare the stored information with an information about a second stream in the plurality of identical audio streams to determine a time offset between the first stream and the second stream.

A method for synchronizing a first data stream and a second data stream, at least one stream among the first stream and second stream being received by radiofrequency broadcasting and the other stream being received via an IP network, the first and second streams carrying the same service. The method involves receiving a value of the mean offset between the first stream and the second stream; storing the first stream in a first buffer and storing the second stream in a second buffer; extracting a first extract from the first buffer and a second extract from the second buffer, according to the mean offset value received; comparatively analyzing the first extract and the second extract in order to deduce a value of the actual offset between the first stream and the second stream; synchronizing the first stream and second stream according to the actual offset value obtained.

A method for synchronizing a first data stream and a second data stream, at least one stream among the first stream and second stream being received by radiofrequency broadcasting and the other stream being received via an IP network, the first and second streams carrying the same service. The method involves receiving a value of the mean offset between the first stream and the second stream; storing the first stream in a first buffer and storing the second stream in a second buffer; extracting a first extract from the first buffer and a second extract from the second buffer, according to the mean offset value received; comparatively analyzing the first extract and the second extract in order to deduce a value of the actual offset between the first stream and the second stream; synchronizing the first stream and second stream according to the actual offset value obtained.

There is provided an arrangement which is capable of reliably generating and transmitting viewing information with respect to contents received via a communication route other than terrestrial broadcasting waves. Contents in which a contents ID applicable to the generation of viewing information and viewing information-compatible data such as viewing information destination information or the like are recorded in an electronic watermark (WaterMark) or a sound data file are sent from a transmitting apparatus to a receiving apparatus. The receiving apparatus acquires the contents ID and the viewing information destination information, etc. from the electronic watermark (WM) or the sound data file, generates viewing information using the acquired data, and sends the generated viewing information to a designated address.

There is provided an arrangement which is capable of reliably generating and transmitting viewing information with respect to contents received via a communication route other than terrestrial broadcasting waves. Contents in which a contents ID applicable to the generation of viewing information and viewing information-compatible data such as viewing information destination information or the like are recorded in an electronic watermark (WaterMark) or a sound data file are sent from a transmitting apparatus to a receiving apparatus. The receiving apparatus acquires the contents ID and the viewing information destination information, etc. from the electronic watermark (WM) or the sound data file, generates viewing information using the acquired data, and sends the generated viewing information to a designated address.

The disclosed computer-implemented method may include (1) creating, at a proxy node within an IP network, a proxy group that includes a plurality of network nodes within a subnet of the IP network that are represented by a pseudo MAC address, (2) receiving a neighbor solicitation from a network node included in the proxy group, (3) identifying, within the neighbor solicitation, a link-layer address of the network node that sent the neighbor solicitation, (4) modifying the neighbor solicitation by replacing the link-layer address of the network node with the pseudo MAC address of the proxy group, and then (5) forwarding the modified neighbor solicitation to another network node included in the proxy group to facilitate completion of an NDP process in which the other network node responds to the modified neighbor solicitation with a neighbor advertisement proxied by the proxy node. Various other methods, systems, and apparatuses are also disclosed.

The disclosed computer-implemented method may include (1) creating, at a proxy node within an IP network, a proxy group that includes a plurality of network nodes within a subnet of the IP network that are represented by a pseudo MAC address, (2) receiving a neighbor solicitation from a network node included in the proxy group, (3) identifying, within the neighbor solicitation, a link-layer address of the network node that sent the neighbor solicitation, (4) modifying the neighbor solicitation by replacing the link-layer address of the network node with the pseudo MAC address of the proxy group, and then (5) forwarding the modified neighbor solicitation to another network node included in the proxy group to facilitate completion of an NDP process in which the other network node responds to the modified neighbor solicitation with a neighbor advertisement proxied by the proxy node. Various other methods, systems, and apparatuses are also disclosed.

A display controlling method for a broadcast receiving apparatus allowed to receive IP simultaneous broadcasting of a 4K broadcasting service via a communication transmission line, in which simultaneous broadcasting of the 4K broadcasting service and a 2K broadcasting service is executed by a broadcasting wave, is configured to: receive and demodulate the 4K broadcasting service, and display a broadcasting program of the 4K broadcasting service; and select and execute one display switching process of first and second display switching processes in accordance with priority order in a case where a defect occurs in reception, demodulation, or display of the 4K broadcasting service, the 2K broadcasting service being received and demodulated to display a broadcasting program of the 2K broadcasting service in the first display switching process, the IP simultaneous broadcasting being received and demodulated to display a program of the IP simultaneous broadcasting in the second display switching process.

A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a plurality of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols; and a guard interval (GI) inserter configured to insert GIs into the generated frame, wherein the plurality of OFDM symbols are divided into a bootstrap, a preamble, and a payload, and the GI inserter inserts first GIs having a size corresponding to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) size of each of OFDM symbols configuring the payload into front ends of each of the OFDM symbols, inserts second GIs having a size corresponding to a quotient obtained by dividing an extra region of the payload calculated based on the FFT size of the OFDM symbols configuring the payload, the number of OFDM symbols, and the size of the first GIs by the number of OFDM symbols into front ends of each of the first GIs, and inserts a cyclic postfix (CP) having a size corresponding to the remainder remaining after dividing the extra region of the payload by the number of OFDM symbols into a rear end of a final OFDM symbol configuring the payload.