Described is a fuel cell comprising an electrode catalyst assembly, and a two-dimensional (2D) amorphous carbon, wherein the 2D amorphous carbon has a crystallinity (C)≤0.8.

To provide an artificial bone having a porous structure with an improved affinity to osteogenic cells, an artificial bone (1) includes: a base material (2) containing porous ceramics provided with mutually interconnected multiple pores (6); a carbonaceous thin film (10) formed on an outer surface of the base material and wall surfaces (7) of the pores; and functional groups (13) including amino groups (12) provided on a surface and in an interior of the carbonaceous thin film.

This invention relates to the field of medical technology, and can be used in dentistry and traumatology, in particular when creating dental implants. Namely, the invention relates to the development and creation of a method for producing a dental implant characterized by high strength, as well as increased ability to activate the process of osteogenesis and osseointegration. The implant obtained by this method is characterized by high biocompatibility, bactericidal properties (reduces pronounced dystrophic and necrotic processes of living tissue), and an increased level of implant surface strength.

An antibacterial device is disclosed that includes a substrate and an antibacterial coating or antibacterial surface being provided on at least a part of the substrate's surface. The antibacterial coating or surface includes Angstrom scale flakes, where the Angstrom scale flakes are arranged in a standing position on the substrate surface and are attached to the substrate surface via edge sides thereof. The Angstrom scale flakes can, for example, be graphene flakes, or graphite flakes having a thickness of a few atom layers. It has been found that such standing flakes are efficient in killing prokaryotic cells but do not harm eukaryotic cells.

The present invention provides a device or medical device comprising a graphene coating. Particularly, the graphene coating features substantially high transmittance, biointegrity and biocompatibility.

A new insight on the lubrication of joints is presented. Addition of small amounts of nanoscale diamond particles to a joint promotes a substantial improvement in friction and wear behavior of the joint surfaces. The joints can be artificial or natural joints.

An implant having a surface layer consisting of fibres and a matrix, having a first surface opposite to a second surface, and having a thickness that is at most 5% of the largest dimension of the surface layer; a porous biodegradable part having a first surface and opposite to a second surface, where its first surface is attached to the surface layer's second surface and having a thickness of 1-8 mm; and a collagen membrane layer having a first surface opposite to a second surface, where its first surface is attached to the porous part's second surface without covering the porous part's edges; and where the porous part comprises material selected from the group consisting of bioactive glass, bioactive ceramic, hydroxyapatite, tricalciumphosphate and mixtures thereof.

A method of providing an anti-microbial coating on an object, comprises the steps of pre-treating the object in a first oxygen plasma to graft oxygen-based functional groups on the surface of the object by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition, coating the pre-treated object with a suspension of particulate graphene oxide to provide a graphene oxide coating on the object, treating the object in a hydrocarbon plasma to deposit an amorphous hydrocarbon film on the graphene oxide coating by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition, and treating the object in a second oxygen plasma configured to etch and flatten the coatings on the surface of the object. A prosthetic implant having a metal or metal alloy surface and an anti-microbial coating on all or part of the surface is also described.

An antibacterial device is disclosed that includes a substrate and an antibacterial coating or antibacterial surface being provided on at least a part of the substrate's surface. The antibacterial coating or surface includes Angstrom scale flakes, where the Angstrom scale flakes are arranged in a standing position on the substrate surface and are attached to the substrate surface via edge sides thereof. The Angstrom scale flakes can, for example, be graphene flakes, or graphite flakes having a thickness of a few atom layers. It has been found that such standing flakes are efficient in killing prokaryotic cells but do not harm eukaryotic cells.

A carbo nanofiber nerve scaffold includes a cylindrical helix, a bundle of aligned carbon nanofiber yarns, and a carbon nanofiber sheet. The cylindrical helix includes a surgical suture material, and the cylindrical helix defines an interior of the carbon nanofiber nerve scaffold. The bundle of aligned carbon nanofiber yarns is disposed within the interior of the cylindrical helix. The carbon nanofiber sheet is disposed around the cylindrical helix on a side of the cylindrical helix opposite of the interior.