Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to verify radio station watermarking with software defined radios are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a notch filter having a bandwidth and a center frequency corresponding to a first radio station broadcast signal, and a software defined radio front-end to downconvert a radio frequency band to a baseband signal, the radio frequency band including a second radio station broadcast signal different from the first radio station broadcast signal. Disclosed example apparatus also include a software defined radio application to tune to a portion of the baseband signal corresponding to the second radio station broadcast signal and to demodulate the portion of the baseband signal to generate audio data corresponding to the second radio station broadcast signal. Disclosed example apparatus further include a watermark decoder to detect a watermark in the audio data corresponding to the second radio station broadcast signal.

Example methods and apparatus to detect audio engineering problems using identification of isolated watermarks are disclosed herein. Disclosed example methods include identifying, by executing an instruction with a processor, isolated watermarks in a first set of detected watermarks obtained from first media monitored at a first site. Disclosed example methods further include determining, by executing an instruction with the processor, a problem has been detected with the first media associated with the first set of detected watermarks in response to a first number of isolated watermarks identified in the first set of detected watermarks satisfying a first threshold.

Methods and apparatus to verify and/or correct media lineup information are disclosed. Disclosed example apparatus include a comparator to compare media presentation data representative of media output by a set top box to reference data corresponding to a first station to determine whether the media presentation data corresponds to the reference data, the media presentation data collected while the set top box was tuned to a first channel number. The comparator is also to determine a second station that corresponds to the media presentation data when the media presentation data does not correspond to the reference data, and relate the first channel number to the second station to create a second channel map to replace a first channel map that related the first channel number to the first station based on channel lineup information for the set top box.

Disclosed example people monitoring methods include detecting a first watermark in a first audio signal obtained from an acoustic sensor, the first watermark identifying media presented by a monitored media device, determining whether a second watermark, different from the first watermark, is embedded in the first audio signal obtained from the acoustic sensor, the second watermark identifying at least one of a mobile device or a user of the mobile device, classifying the second watermark as a media watermark or a people monitoring watermark based on a characteristic of the second watermark, and when the second watermark is determined to be embedded in the first audio signal, reporting at least one of the second watermark or information decoded from the second watermark to identify at least one of the mobile device or the user of the mobile device as being exposed to the media presented by the monitored media device.

An information system generates data, generates an audio token, associates the audio token with the data, and transmits the audio token along with the data to the account management system. The information system configures a broadcasting computing device to broadcast the audio token at a location. User computing devices at the location via an audio communication channel receive the broadcast token and retransmit the audio token to the account management system via a network. The account management system receives the audio token from a particular user computing device along with a request for data associated with the audio token, extracts the data associated with the audio token data, and transmits the data associated with the audio token to the particular user computing device.

Methods and apparatus to verify and/or correct media lineup information are disclosed. An example method includes accessing, by executing an instruction with a processor, a script received from an audience measurement entity. The method further includes executing, with the processor, the script to tune a set top box to respective ones of a plurality of channels. The method further includes collecting, by executing an instruction with the processor, media identification data associated with the respective ones of the channels. The method further includes transmitting media presentation data to the audience measurement entity, the media presentation data mapping the media identification data to the respective ones of the channels.

A method for transmission of information or data in general, hereinafter referred to as information references, wherein the information references contain data/information to initiate procedures aimed at sending additional information/interactions/data to one or more Destinations, includes defining regulatory references to be transmitted by a Sender to one or more destinations; generating a coded sound signal which contains the information references; transmitting and emitting the coded sound signal with a first transducer or loudspeaker; receiving with a second transducer or microphone the coded sound signal emitted by the first transducer or loudspeaker; decoding the coded sound signal to start the procedures that lead to the delivery of additional information/interactions/data that the Sender wants to deliver to the Destination.

Methods and apparatus to perform audio watermarking and watermark detection and extraction are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein to embed a code into an audio signal include means for selecting frequency components to be used to represent the code, different sets of frequency components to represent respectively different information, respective ones of the frequency components in the sets of frequency components located in respective code bands, there being multiple code bands and spacing between adjacent code bands being equal to or less than the spacing between adjacent frequency components in the code bands. Disclosed example apparatus further include means for synthesizing the frequency components to be used to represent the code and means for combining the synthesized frequency components with an audio block of the audio signal.

Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to measure exposure to streaming media are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a video retriever to retrieve an image displayed by a media device presenting the streaming media, the media device separate from the video retriever. A metadata extractor is to extract a video watermark from the retrieved image. A metadata converter is to, in response to the extraction of the video watermark, convert the video watermark into text formatted metadata. A transmitter is to transmit the text formatted metadata to a central facility.

Methods and apparatus to determine a state of a media presentation device are disclosed. Example disclosed methods include generating a first set of weighted coefficients based on first audio received by first and second microphones at a first time. Example disclosed methods include generating a second set of weighted coefficients based on second audio received by the first and second microphones at a second time after the first time. Example disclosed methods include comparing the first set of coefficients and the second set of coefficients to generate a similarity value. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value satisfies a threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a first state. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value does not satisfy the threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a second state.