Aspects include methods of fabricating antibacterial surfaces for medical implant devices including patterning a photoresist layer on a silicon substrate and etching the silicon to generate a plurality of nanopillars. Aspects also include removing the photoresist layer from the structure and coating the plurality of nanopillars with a biocompatible film. Aspects also include a system for preventing bacterial infection associated with medical implants including a thin silicon film including a plurality of nanopillars.

Nitric oxide-releasing materials, methods of making nitric oxide-releasing materials, and uses of nitric oxide-releasing materials are provided. The nitric oxide-releasing materials include a mesoporous silica core and an outer surface having a plurality of nitric oxide donors. In an exemplary aspects, the nitric oxide-releasing material includes a mesoporous diatomaceous earth core, and an outer surface having a plurality of S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine groups covalently attached thereto. Uses of the nitric oxide-releasing materials can include coatings for medical devices such as catheters, grafts, and stents; wound gauzes; acne medications; and antiseptic mouthwashes; among others.

Disclosed herein is an article comprising a metal alloy; where the metal alloy comprises a base metal, a second element and a third element; where the base metal is magnesium, calcium, strontium, zinc, or a combination thereof; where the second element is chemically different from the third element; and where the second element and the third element are scandium, yttrium, gadolium, cerium, neodymium, dysporium, or a combination thereof; and a protective layer disposed upon the metal alloy and is reactively bonded to the metal alloy; where the protective layer comprises a base non-metallic derivative, a second non-metallic derivative and a third non-metallic derivative of metals present in the metal alloy; and where the base non-metallic derivative, the second non-metallic derivative and the third non-metallic derivative are all chemically different from one another.

The invention relates to compositions including magnesium-lithium alloys containing various alloying elements suitable for medical implant devices. The devices may be constructed of the compositions or have applied thereto a coating formed therefrom. Within the structure of the magnesium-lithium alloy, there is a co-existence of alpha and beta phases. The invention also relates to methods of preparing the magnesium-lithium alloys and articles, such as medical implant devices, for use in medical applications, such as but not limited to, orthopedic, dental, craniofacial and cardiovascular surgery.

A dental article including a dental article body made of a ceramic material and a coating formed on the surface of said dental article body. The coating includes crystalline nanostructures made of yttria-stabilized zirconia YSZ.sub.1, the crystal habitus of at least a portion of the nanostructures having at least approximately the shape of a regular convex polyhedron.

There is provided a method for decreasing leakage of matter from an object to a surrounding, said object being coated with a coating at least partially applied on the object, said coating comprising an at least partially covering layer comprising silver, said object optionally comprising area(s) without said layer, said coating comprising metal particles applied on the layer and optionally on areas without said layer, said metal particles comprising palladium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of gold, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, iridium, niobium, neodymium and platinum and wherein the amount of the metal particles is in the interval 0.01-8 μg/cm.sup.2. Advantages include that leakage of matter such as latex allergens of metal ions can be reduced while the coating is both biocompatible and antimicrobial. Further, the blood clotting can be reduced.

Described herein are blood storage containers that can contain a CeONP composition and/or coating on an object surface. In some aspects, the blood storage container can include an insert. In some aspects the inserts can contain a CeONP compositions and/or coating on an object surface. In aspects, the CeONP composition and/or coating on an object surface can be effective to increase the useful storage lifespan of blood, blood product, and/or component thereof stored in the blood storage container. Also described herein are methods of making and using the CeONP compositions, coatings, and devices containing the CeONP compositions and/or coatings described herein.

Disclosed herein is a method for forming an anti-microbial layer on an apparatus. Also disclosed is a method for improving the anti-bacterial properties of a titanium device coated with titanium-nitride (TiN). Also disclosed is a medical apparatus comprising an anti-microbial layer prepared by the disclosed methods. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

An orthopaedic knee implant includes a femoral component having a substrate and a coating disposed on the surface of the substrate. A method for making a femoral component of an orthopaedic knee implant is also disclosed.

Various embodiments discussed in the present document relate to an implant assembly. The implant assembly includes a porous metal coating. The implant assembly further includes a biocompatible implant material. A polymeric binder layer is disposed between the porous metal coating and the biocompatible implant material.