A faulted message element in 5G or 6G can often be identified according to its modulation parameters, including a large deviation of the branch amplitudes from the predetermined amplitude levels of the modulation scheme, and/or the SNR of the branch amplitudes, and/or an amplitude variation of the raw signal or the branches during the message element, and/or an inconsistency between the modulation state as determined by the amplitude and phase of the raw waveform versus the amplitudes of the orthogonal branch signals, among other measures of modulation quality. An AI model may be necessary to correlate the various quality measures, and optionally to determine the correct demodulation of faulted message elements. Costly, time-consuming retransmissions may be avoided by determining the correct demodulation of each message element at the receiver, thereby improving throughput and reliability with fewer delays.

A user equipment (UE) may perform a beam failure procedure per beam of multiple beams and transmit, to a base station, a partial beam failure (BF) report. The base station may transmit, to the UE, a configuration of the partial BF report, and the UE may generate and transmit the partial BF report for the base station to perform the beam management. The parameters of the aperiodic partial BF report may be configured with the same or different parameters for each beam. The partial BF report may include at least one of a current beam failure indication (BFI) count or a channel measurement for each beam. The partial BF report may be transmitted periodically or aperiodically.

This disclosure provides a method of operating a base station in a cellular telecommunications network, and a base station unit for implementing the method, the base station having a central base station unit and a distributed base station unit, wherein the central base station unit and distributed base station unit communicate over a fronthaul link having a first and second capacity configuration, and the cellular telecommunications network further includes a User Equipment (UE) consuming a service via the base station.

A review and retry mechanism ensures a port channel can be configured to provide and maintain a minimum data speed. A timer-based review sequence reviews the constituent interfaces of a port channel to determine if a minimum speed requirement is met. If the minimum speed cannot be fulfilled, the port-channel member interfaces are un-programmed and removed from the port-channel, rendering the port-channel functionally inactive, thereby preventing network traffic loss. A timer-based retry sequence attempts to program the constituent interfaces. The minimum speed requirement of the interfaces is checked in the next review cycle. If the minimum speed requirement is met, then the review and retry mechanism halts and the port channel continues to remain active; otherwise, the interfaces are un-programmed and the process repeats.

A learning-based system and method for interference whitening method. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving a signal; extracting a first set of features from the signal; making a first selection, by a first neural network, based on the first set of features; and selecting a first covariance matrix, from a plurality of covariance matrices, based on the first selection.

Message faults are likely to be common in the noisy, high-density wireless environments planned for 5G and 6G. Disclosed is a method for a receiver to recover the correct message from one or more corrupted message copies, by (a) measuring the modulation quality of each message element, and (b) determining which message elements of two corrupted copies are “inconsistent”, that is, the corresponding message elements are different. The modulation quality can be determined according to how close the message element's modulation is to the predetermined modulation levels of the modulation scheme. The receiver can assemble a merged message by selecting whichever message elements of the two copies have the best modulation quality, and determine whether the merged message is still corrupted. If so, the receiver can sequentially replace the inconsistent message elements with those of the other copy, singly or in a comprehensive nested search, testing each version until successful.

In data communications, a suitably designed contrast coding scheme, comprising a process of contrast encoding (108) at a transmitter end (101) and a process of contrast decoding (120) at a receiver end (103), may be used to create contrast between the bit error rates ‘BERs’ experienced by different classes of bits. Contrast coding may be used to tune the BERs experienced by different subsets of bits, relative to each other, to better match a plurality of forward error correction ‘FEC’ schemes (104, 124) used for transmission of information bits (102), which may ultimately provide a communications system (100) having a higher noise tolerance, or greater data capacity, or smaller size, or lower heat.

A decoder for determining an estimate of a vector of information symbols carried by optical signals propagating along a multi-core fiber in an optical fiber transmission channel according to two or more cores is provided. The decoder is implemented in an optical receiver. The optical signals are encoded using a space-time coding scheme and/or scrambled by at least one scrambling device arranged in the optical fiber transmission channel according to a predefined scrambling function. The decoder comprises a processing unit configured to adaptively: determine, in response to a temporal condition, one or more channel quality indicators from the optical signals; determine a decoding algorithm according to a target quality of service metric and on the one or more channel quality indicators; update the predefined scrambling function and/or the space-time coding scheme depending on the target quality of service metric and on the one or more channel quality indicators. The decoder further comprises a symbol estimation unit configured to determine an estimate of a vector of information symbols by applying the decoding algorithm to the optical signals.

A decoder for determining an estimate of a vector of information symbols carried by optical signals propagating along a multi-core fiber in an optical fiber transmission channel according to two or more cores is provided. The decoder is implemented in an optical receiver. The optical signals are encoded using a space-time coding scheme and/or scrambled by at least one scrambling device arranged in the optical fiber transmission channel according to a predefined scrambling function. The decoder comprises a processing unit configured to adaptively: determine, in response to a temporal condition, one or more channel quality indicators from the optical signals; determine a decoding algorithm according to a target quality of service metric and on the one or more channel quality indicators; update the predefined scrambling function and/or the space-time coding scheme depending on the target quality of service metric and on the one or more channel quality indicators. The decoder further comprises a symbol estimation unit configured to determine an estimate of a vector of information symbols by applying the decoding algorithm to the optical signals.

A base station may receive uplink data identifying uplink performance indicators associated with user equipment connected to the base station, and may receive tuning factors associated with shared channel traffic received by the user equipment and quality of service requirements of the user equipment. The base station may determine a total score associated with utilizing a long duration physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) format for uplink control information based on the uplink data and the tuning factors. The base station may determine that the total score satisfies a threshold score and may switch to the long duration PUCCH format for the uplink control information based on the total score satisfying the threshold score. The base station may perform one or more actions based on switching to the long duration PUCCH format for the uplink control information.