Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) using non-overlapping Resource Unit (RU) groupings may be provided. A first computing device may associate to a first Access Point (AP) at a virtual Media Access Control (MAC) address. Next, the first computing device may associate to a second AP at the virtual MAC address. Then data from a data frame may be replicated to a first one or more RUs in a channel. The first one or more RUs may be assigned to the first AP. Data from the data frame may then be replicated to a second one or more RUs in the channel. The second one or more RUs may be assigned to the second AP and may not overlap the first one or more RUs.

Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) using non-overlapping Resource Unit (RU) groupings may be provided. A first computing device may associate to a first Access Point (AP) at a virtual Media Access Control (MAC) address. Next, the first computing device may associate to a second AP at the virtual MAC address. Then data from a data frame may be replicated to a first one or more RUs in a channel. The first one or more RUs may be assigned to the first AP. Data from the data frame may then be replicated to a second one or more RUs in the channel. The second one or more RUs may be assigned to the second AP and may not overlap the first one or more RUs.

A frame processing method and apparatus are provided, to implement selective receiving in a redundant transmission scenario. The method includes: A destination device receives a first Ethernet frame from a first intermediate node through a first interface, where the first Ethernet frame includes a first time point, and the first time point is a processing time point of the first Ethernet frame on the first intermediate node. The destination device receives a second Ethernet frame from a second intermediate node through a second interface, where the second Ethernet frame includes a second time point, and the second time point is a processing time point of the second Ethernet frame on the second intermediate node. The destination device determines, based on the first time point and the second time point, whether the second Ethernet frame is a duplicate frame of the first Ethernet frame.

A frame processing method and apparatus are provided, to implement selective receiving in a redundant transmission scenario. The method includes: A destination device receives a first Ethernet frame from a first intermediate node through a first interface, where the first Ethernet frame includes a first time point, and the first time point is a processing time point of the first Ethernet frame on the first intermediate node. The destination device receives a second Ethernet frame from a second intermediate node through a second interface, where the second Ethernet frame includes a second time point, and the second time point is a processing time point of the second Ethernet frame on the second intermediate node. The destination device determines, based on the first time point and the second time point, whether the second Ethernet frame is a duplicate frame of the first Ethernet frame.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for reliability network slicing. In some example embodiments, there may be provided a method that includes accessing, by at least one user equipment, a first network reliability slice served by a first base station; accessing, by at least one user equipment, a second network reliability slice served by a second base station, wherein the first network reliability slice and the second network reliability slice are established across domains such that one or more first resources providing the first network reliability slice are not shared with one or more second resources providing the second network reliability slice; establishing, by the at least one user equipment, a first packet data protocol session over the first network reliability slice and a second packet data protocol session over the second network reliability slice; and transmitting, by the at least one user equipment, user plane traffic over the first packet data protocol session on the first network reliability slice and duplicated user plane traffic over the second packet data protocol session on the second network reliability slice. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for reliability network slicing. In some example embodiments, there may be provided a method that includes accessing, by at least one user equipment, a first network reliability slice served by a first base station; accessing, by at least one user equipment, a second network reliability slice served by a second base station, wherein the first network reliability slice and the second network reliability slice are established across domains such that one or more first resources providing the first network reliability slice are not shared with one or more second resources providing the second network reliability slice; establishing, by the at least one user equipment, a first packet data protocol session over the first network reliability slice and a second packet data protocol session over the second network reliability slice; and transmitting, by the at least one user equipment, user plane traffic over the first packet data protocol session on the first network reliability slice and duplicated user plane traffic over the second packet data protocol session on the second network reliability slice. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Methods, systems, apparatus, and computer programs, for selecting radio link control (RLC) entities to transmit packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) control protocol data unit (PDU). In one aspect, the method includes actions of accessing, by a device in a wireless communication system, data representing an index of RLC entities of a data radio bearer (DRB)/PDCP entity and RLC activation state information, the activation state information indicating whether one or more RLC entities of the DRB/PDCP entity in the index of RLC entities is activated or deactivated, selecting, by the device in the wireless communication system, a subset of the RLC entities of the DRB/PDCP entity based on an index position in the index and the activation state information for each of the RLC entities, and using the selected subset of RLC entities of the DRB/PDCP entity to transmit the PDCP Control PDU.

Methods, systems, apparatus, and computer programs, for selecting radio link control (RLC) entities to transmit packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) control protocol data unit (PDU). In one aspect, the method includes actions of accessing, by a device in a wireless communication system, data representing an index of RLC entities of a data radio bearer (DRB)/PDCP entity and RLC activation state information, the activation state information indicating whether one or more RLC entities of the DRB/PDCP entity in the index of RLC entities is activated or deactivated, selecting, by the device in the wireless communication system, a subset of the RLC entities of the DRB/PDCP entity based on an index position in the index and the activation state information for each of the RLC entities, and using the selected subset of RLC entities of the DRB/PDCP entity to transmit the PDCP Control PDU.

The present disclosure describes example service takeover methods, storage devices, and service takeover apparatuses. In one example method, when a communication fault occurs between two storage devices in a storage system, the two storage devices respectively obtain running statuses of the two storage devices. A running status can reflect current usage of one or more system resources of a particular storage device. Then, a delay duration is determined according to the running statuses, where the delay duration is a duration for which the storage device waits before sending an arbitration request to a quorum server. The two storage devices respectively send, after the delay duration, arbitration requests to the quorum server to request to take over a service. The quorum server then can select a storage device in a relatively better running status to take over a host service.

The present disclosure describes example service takeover methods, storage devices, and service takeover apparatuses. In one example method, when a communication fault occurs between two storage devices in a storage system, the two storage devices respectively obtain running statuses of the two storage devices. A running status can reflect current usage of one or more system resources of a particular storage device. Then, a delay duration is determined according to the running statuses, where the delay duration is a duration for which the storage device waits before sending an arbitration request to a quorum server. The two storage devices respectively send, after the delay duration, arbitration requests to the quorum server to request to take over a service. The quorum server then can select a storage device in a relatively better running status to take over a host service.