A method for generating a topology view of an industrial parallel redundancy protocol (PRP) network includes: detecting, by one or more processors, a plurality of nodes on the PRP network; determining, by the one or more processors, a first set of the plurality of nodes that connects to a first local area network (LAN); determining, by the one or more processors, a second set of the plurality of nodes that connects to a second LAN; determining, by the one or more processors, connections between the plurality of nodes; and generating, by the one or more processors, the topology view of the PRP network comprising a topology view of the first LAN and the second LAN according to the determined connections.

Exemplary memory storage system and methods for distributive storage of data. Exemplary embodiments provide methods and systems including a plurality of nodes where each node has memory for storing data. The nodes may be configured to receive data and store the data at the node if the data is intended for the node or pass the data to another node if the data is not intended for the node. The nodes may manage memory and allocation of specific memory addresses locally, while the system of nodes manages memory based on a naming convention to indicate the nodes and not the individual memory addresses within a node.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may be scheduled to send uplink data to a base station using a particular transmission length provided by the base station. The UE may send multiple repetitions of the uplink data to the base station using transmissions that have varying lengths. The UE may determine a transmit power based on the length provided by the base station and use that transmit power for transmitting the repetitions, regardless of the actual lengths of the repetitions.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may be scheduled to send uplink data to a base station using a particular transmission length provided by the base station. The UE may send multiple repetitions of the uplink data to the base station using transmissions that have varying lengths. The UE may determine a transmit power based on the length provided by the base station and use that transmit power for transmitting the repetitions, regardless of the actual lengths of the repetitions.

The invention relates to a method for providing a fault-tolerant global time and for the fault-tolerant transport of time-controlled messages in a distributed real-time computer system which comprises external computers and a fault-tolerant message distribution unit, FTMDU. The FTMDU comprises at least four components which supply the global time to the external computers by means of periodic external synchronization messages, wherein the external computers each set their local clock to the received global time, wherein each external sender of a time-controlled message transmits two message copies of the message to be sent via two different communication channels to two different components of the FTMDU at periodic sending times defined a priori in timetables, wherein these two message copies are delivered within the FTMDU via two independent communication paths to those two components of the FTMDU which are connected to an external receiver of the message via communication channels.

The invention relates to a method for providing a fault-tolerant global time and for the fault-tolerant transport of time-controlled messages in a distributed real-time computer system which comprises external computers and a fault-tolerant message distribution unit, FTMDU. The FTMDU comprises at least four components which supply the global time to the external computers by means of periodic external synchronization messages, wherein the external computers each set their local clock to the received global time, wherein each external sender of a time-controlled message transmits two message copies of the message to be sent via two different communication channels to two different components of the FTMDU at periodic sending times defined a priori in timetables, wherein these two message copies are delivered within the FTMDU via two independent communication paths to those two components of the FTMDU which are connected to an external receiver of the message via communication channels.

Methods and apparatus relating to lane based normalized historical error counter view for faulty lane isolation and disambiguation of transient versus persistent errors are described. In an embodiment, a plurality of storage entries store error information to be detected at one or more physical lanes of an interface. Faulty lane detection logic circuitry determines which of the one or more physical lanes is faulty or more likely to be faulty based at least in part on the stored error information for the one or more physical lanes of the interface. The stored error information comprises historical error details for the one or more physical lanes of the interface. Other embodiments are also disclosed and claimed.

In an information processing device, a communication control unit performs communication using a first communication method and using a second communication method that is faster than the first communication method. An equalizing unit performs an equalization operation using the first communication method with respect to a first information processing device in a redundancy system in which redundancy is achieved between the first information processing device and a second information processing device using the first communication method. After the equalization operation is completed by the equalizing unit, another equalizing unit performs the equalization operation using the second communication method with respect to a third information processing device, and builds a redundancy system in which the concerned information processing device and the third information processing device are used.

In an information processing device, a communication control unit performs communication using a first communication method and using a second communication method that is faster than the first communication method. An equalizing unit performs an equalization operation using the first communication method with respect to a first information processing device in a redundancy system in which redundancy is achieved between the first information processing device and a second information processing device using the first communication method. After the equalization operation is completed by the equalizing unit, another equalizing unit performs the equalization operation using the second communication method with respect to a third information processing device, and builds a redundancy system in which the concerned information processing device and the third information processing device are used.

A safety network controller is comprised in an electronic safety system. The safety network controller comprises a first serial port and a second serial port, each of which is configured to communicatively connect to a redundant safety network controller via a respective daisy chain network. Each daisy chain network comprises at least one safety device controller that is controlling a corresponding safety device. The safety network controller further comprises network circuitry configured to communicatively connect to the redundant safety network controller via a packet-switched network. The safety network controller further comprises processing circuitry configured to exchange, with the redundant safety network controller: serial communication via each of the daisy chain networks; packets via the packet-switched network; and responsibility for control over one or more of the safety device controllers in response to detecting a failure.