Apparatus for communicating data between a transmitter device 16 and a first 51 and a second 52 receiver device, the receiver devices being connected, in use, to the transmitter device via a first 21 and a second 22 pair of wires respectively. Each receiver device is operable to receive signals detected as a change over time in the potential difference across the local ends of each respective pair of wires extending between the respective receiver device and the transmitter device, and the transmitter device is operable to transmit signals onto the wires at the transmitter ends thereof in order to transmit signals via a direct differential mode to each respective receiver via its respective pair of wires. The transmitter device is additionally operable to transmit signals to both receivers via a single common indirect channel and comprises: a channel estimator 1670, 1680, 1690 for estimating the extent of coupling between the common indirect channel and each of the receiver devices based on readings received by the transmitter device from the receiver devices; and a processor 1690 for determining a plurality of weighting values in dependence upon the estimated extents of the couplings; the transmitter 16 being operable to transmit a first signal via the direct differential mode over the first pair 21, to transmit a second signal via the direct differential mode over the second pair 22 and to transmit a combined signal onto the indirect channel, wherein the combined signal comprises a weighted sum of the first and second signals, the weighting being done in accordance with the determined weighting values; and wherein the transmitter further comprises a precoder 1640 for precoding the first, second and combined signals to pre-compensate them for the expected effects of cross-talk from the other ones of these signals, wherein the pre-coding of each signal, including the first and the second signals, is performed in dependence upon the determined weighting values.

Apparatus for communicating data between a transmitter device 16 and a first 51 and a second 52 receiver device, the receiver devices being connected, in use, to the transmitter device via a first 21 and a second 22 pair of wires respectively. Each receiver device is operable to receive signals detected as a change over time in the potential difference across the local ends of each respective pair of wires extending between the respective receiver device and the transmitter device, and the transmitter device is operable to transmit signals onto the wires at the transmitter ends thereof in order to transmit signals via a direct differential mode to each respective receiver via its respective pair of wires. The transmitter device is additionally operable to transmit signals to both receivers via a single common indirect channel and comprises: a channel estimator 1670, 1680, 1690 for estimating the extent of coupling between the common indirect channel and each of the receiver devices based on readings received by the transmitter device from the receiver devices; and a processor 1690 for determining a plurality of weighting values in dependence upon the estimated extents of the couplings; the transmitter 16 being operable to transmit a first signal via the direct differential mode over the first pair 21, to transmit a second signal via the direct differential mode over the second pair 22 and to transmit a combined signal onto the indirect channel, wherein the combined signal comprises a weighted sum of the first and second signals, the weighting being done in accordance with the determined weighting values; and wherein the transmitter further comprises a precoder 1640 for precoding the first, second and combined signals to pre-compensate them for the expected effects of cross-talk from the other ones of these signals, wherein the pre-coding of each signal, including the first and the second signals, is performed in dependence upon the determined weighting values.

An alternative approach to coping with the ever increasing demand for faster communications hardware is to design modems that are capable of operating its speeds at a higher data rate than a speed required for a single port of the standard communication rate for that modem. Basically, by utilizing a resource manager, that directs the data in and out of the various portions of the modem in an orderly manner, keeping track of which of the ports is being operated at any given point in time, a standard single port modem can be reconfigured, for example, at an over clocked rate, to manipulate the data input and output of a modem.

An alternative approach to coping with the ever increasing demand for faster communications hardware is to design modems that are capable of operating its speeds at a higher data rate than a speed required for a single port of the standard communication rate for that modem. Basically, by utilizing a resource manager, that directs the data in and out of the various portions of the modem in an orderly manner, keeping track of which of the ports is being operated at any given point in time, a standard single port modem can be reconfigured, for example, at an over clocked rate, to manipulate the data input and output of a modem.

A method for transmitting control systems over twisted pair cabling. The method includes: receiving a first single-ended transmission signal; converting the first single-ended transmission signal to a first differential transmission signal; transmitting the first differential transmission signal over a first two pairs of wires via a common mode of a transformer; receiving a first differential reception signal over a second two pairs of wires via the common mode of the transformer; and converting the first differential reception signal to a first single-ended reception signal.

A communication system including at least one first TDMA high speed switch having a first switch output, a FDMA channelizer, configured to receive an input RF signal from the at least one first TDMA high speed switch, at least one matrix power amplifier having at least one input and at least one output, and at least one second TDMA high speed switch having a second switch input coupled to a respective one of at least one channelizer output and at least one second switch output coupled to a corresponding input of the at least one matrix power amplifier, the at least one second TDMA high speed switch being configured to receive an output RF signal from the FDMA channelizer and transmit the output RF signal to a selected input of the at least one matrix power amplifier, wherein each predetermined output is coupled to a corresponding antenna beam.

An alternative approach to coping with the ever increasing demand for faster communications hardware is to design modems that are capable of operating its speeds at a higher data rate than a speed required for a single port of the standard communication rate for that modem. Basically, by utilizing a resource manager, that directs the data in and out of the various portions of the modem in an orderly manner, keeping track of which of the ports is being operated at any given point in time, a standard single port modem can be reconfigured, for example, at an over clocked rate, to manipulate the data input and output of a modem.

An alternative approach to coping with the ever increasing demand for faster communications hardware is to design modems that are capable of operating its speeds at a higher data rate than a speed required for a single port of the standard communication rate for that modem. Basically, by utilizing a resource manager, that directs the data in and out of the various portions of the modem in an orderly manner, keeping track of which of the ports is being operated at any given point in time, a standard single port modem can be reconfigured, for example, at an over clocked rate, to manipulate the data input and output of a modem.

A system for transmitting control systems over twisted pair cabling. The system includes a first microcontroller transmitting a first single ended signal and receiving a second single ended signal. It also includes a first differential transmitter coupled to the first microcontroller for receiving the first single ended signal from the first microcontroller and converting it to a differential signal over a first differential line and a second differential line; and, a first differential receiver coupled to the first microcontroller for receiving a third differential line and a fourth differential line and converting it to a differential receiver signal, the differential receiver signal coupled to the second single ended signal. The system has a first transformer having first, second, third, and fourth center-tapped coils, the first differential line coupled to the center tap of the first coil, the second differential line coupled to the center tap of the fourth coil, the third differential line coupled to the center tap of the second coil, and the fourth differential line coupled to the center tap of the third coil, whereby the common mode of the first transformer is used to transmit a first control signal and to receive control signal responses over the twisted pair at the first processor.

System, methods and apparatus are described that provide an N-factorial (N!) voltage-mode driver. A method communicating on an N! interface includes encoding data in a symbol to be transmitted over the N wires of the interface, and for each wire of the N wires, calculating a resultant current for the wire by summing current flows defined for two or more two-wire combinations that include the wire, and coupling a switchable voltage source to the each wire. Each bit in the symbol defines a current flow between a pair of the N wires that is one of a plurality of possible two-wire combinations of the N wires. The switchable voltage source may be selected from a plurality of switchable voltage sources in order to provide a current in the each wire that is proportionate to the resultant current calculated for the each wire.