Methods for simultaneous packet transmission (SPT) may be used to transmit packets simultaneously on a communications link such the orthogonal frequency division multiplexed multiple access (OFDMA) downlink used in used in WiFi and LTE cellular/wireless mobile data applications. A first SPT method may employ multiple data streams and selects a subset of streams to form symbols during every intervals. This allows the use of variable code rates on different streams thereby increasing the overall throughput. A second SPT method may transmit a second data stream implicitly while transmitting a data stream explicitly on a communication channel. These SPT methods may be used either individually or jointly, and may be implemented via software changes at the transmitter and the receiver. Additionally, methods for applying constrained interleaved coded modulation (CICM) to low-density parity check (LDPC) codes and decoding LDPC codes with CICM are presented.

Method for synchronizing control applications via a communication network for transferring time-critical data, wherein network infrastructure devices determine, for the forwarding of datagrams associated with selected data streams, respective time delays between a planned transmission time of the datagram and an actual transmission time of the datagram in question, where the selected data streams are assigned to control applications running on communication terminals, and where a beginning of a next end-node-side transfer cycle is determined by a starting-node-side control application based on the time delay determined by a preceding network infrastructure device in question, an accumulated maximum time delay and a transmission time of the datagrams to achieve synchronization between transfer cycles of starting-node-side control applications and transfer cycles of end-node-side control applications.

A wireless station includes at least one oscillator to output a reference signal, and an error calculator to calculate a frequency of the reference signal and calculate a frequency error by subtracting a target frequency of the reference signal from the calculated frequency of the reference signal. The wireless station further includes a modulation data generator to generate modulation data by adding a correction value, varying in negative correlation with the frequency error calculated by the error calculator, to data to be transmitted, and a modulator to conduct frequency modulation on the basis of the modulation data and the reference signal.

There is provided a communication device comprising: a communication control section configured to calculate a distance measurement value based on time stamp information received from another communication device during distance measurement that is based on wireless communication that is performed between the communication device and the another communication device different from the communication device, and conforms to specified communication standards, wherein, when the time stamp information is an eigenvalue specified in advance, the communication control section does not calculate the distance measurement value.

A hybrid receiver circuit included in a computer system may include both an analog and an ADC-based receiver circuit. A front-end circuit generates different equalized signals based on received signals that encode a serial data stream that includes multiple data symbols. Depending on a baud rate of the serial data stream, either the digital receive circuit or the analog receiver circuit is activated to provide the desired performance and power consumption over the range of possible baud rates. The ADC-based receiver circuit may include multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits with different resolutions that can be selected for different baud rates.

A Bluetooth receiver has an RF front end which has a gain control input, the RF front end converting wireless packets into a baseband signal which is coupled to the input of an analog to digital converter (ADC). A clock generator provides a clock coupled to the ADC, and an AGC processor performs an AGC process to provide a gain which places the baseband symbols in a range that is less than 90% of the input dynamic range of the ADC. When in a connected state, the clock generator provides a clock which is slower than is required to complete the AGC process during a preamble interval, and the AGC process uses a few initial bits of the address field. The remaining bits of the address field is compared with the corresponding address bits of the receiver to determine whether to receive the packet.

Method for time synchronization in a network comprising masters and at least one slave. The slave receives synchronization messages from the masters via the network for time synchronization of a first clock and a second clock of the slave. A first master sends a first synchronization message having a first time stamp to the slave for time synchronization of the first clock. The slave calculates a clock rate and a time difference between the first clock and the first master and aligns the first clock with a synchronized time. A second master sends a second synchronization message having a second time stamp to the slave for the time synchronization of the second clock. The clock rate of the second clock is set to the first clock rate. A time difference between the second clock and the second master is calculated and the second clock is aligned with the synchronized time.

A time-point synchronization apparatus (10) includes a time-point management unit (144), a time-gap counter (145), and a time-gap calculation unit (142). The time-point management unit (144) manages an apparatus time point equivalent to a current time point. The time-gap counter (145) records a time gap which is a different between a time point indicated in reception information and the apparatus time point. When a frequency in the time-gap counter (145), corresponding to the time gap corresponding to a latest reception time point corresponding to latest reception information is treated as the highest among all of frequencies indicated in the time-gap counter (145), the time-gap calculation unit (142) synchronizes the apparatus time point to the latest reception time point.

A method for data transmission includes dividing first data into data packets, selecting transition acceleration data among transition acceleration data preliminary packets, generating transition guarantee data packets by performing an operation on a data packet group including predetermined data packets among the data packets and the transition acceleration data, and transmitting the transition acceleration data and the transition guarantee data packets. In the selecting the transition acceleration data among the transition acceleration data preliminary packets, the transition acceleration data different from previous transition acceleration data immediately preceding the transition acceleration data in the transition acceleration data preliminary packets is selected.

Disclosed are a biosignal receiving device and a method thereof. The biosignal receiving device used in a communication system using a human body as a medium includes a receiving electrode unit including a plurality of receiving electrodes, an input selection unit including two MUXs for selecting one of the plurality of receiving electrodes, and that output biosignals received by the selected electrodes, a filter that removes noise included in the biosignals and output filtered signals from which the noise is removed, a differential amplifier that amplifies a difference between the filtered signals and output amplified signals, a CDR circuit that generates a data signal and a clock signal from the amplified signals and outputs the data signal and the clock signal, and a controller that output selection signals for selecting one of the plurality of receiving electrodes, based on the data signal and the clock signal.