Disclosed are an Ethernet interconnection circuit and apparatus. A physical interface exchanger of the circuit has a first physical interface, a second physical interface and a third physical interface, wherein a first board-level processor realizes communication between the first board-level processor and an external Ethernet by means of the first physical interface, the third physical interface, and a network interface connected to the third physical interface; a second board-level processor realizes communication between the second board-level processor and the external Ethernet by means of the second physical interface, the third physical interface, and the network interface connected to the third physical interface; and the first-board-level processor and the second-board-level processor realize communication between the first board-level processor and the second-board-level processor by means of the first physical interface and the second physical interface.

Disclosed are an Ethernet interconnection circuit and apparatus. A physical interface exchanger of the circuit has a first physical interface, a second physical interface and a third physical interface, wherein a first board-level processor realizes communication between the first board-level processor and an external Ethernet by means of the first physical interface, the third physical interface, and a network interface connected to the third physical interface; a second board-level processor realizes communication between the second board-level processor and the external Ethernet by means of the second physical interface, the third physical interface, and the network interface connected to the third physical interface; and the first-board-level processor and the second-board-level processor realize communication between the first board-level processor and the second-board-level processor by means of the first physical interface and the second physical interface.

A computer-implemented method, data processing system and computer readable medium manages processing of data entries in a data buffer. Data entries are stored in a data buffer. A representation of a two-directional matrix is annotated to mark the data arrivals as a plurality of entries. In addition, the two-directional matrix is annotated to define a valid processing period for the data entries. The data entries in the data buffer are processed by removing the data entries from the data buffer, marked for processing in the two-dimensional matrix during the valid processing period, by annotating the matrix, labeled as A.sub.CS, to define the number of available entries as a cumulative sum along the columns, A-X, such that A.sub.CS=cumsum(A-X), where cumsum is the cumulative column-sum. Finally, the data entries from the data buffer are processed to determine the entries removed from the data buffer as defined by the row-sum of X. The technique has application for implementing a buffer management system for tax loss carry forward calculations.

A method of operating a user terminal in a telecommunications network. A telephony call is established between a first user, associated with the user terminal, and a remote user. Data communications is conducted between the user terminal and a communications server, such that the user terminal has a first connection to a communications session associated with a communications server. The telephony call is manipulated such that the telephony call forms a second connection to the communications session. Both the first connection and the second connection are maintained, for conducting communications between the first user and the remote user. The second connection may be terminated after assessment is made that the first connection is likely to provide better quality of service.

A method of configuring a forwarding element that includes several data plane message processing stages. The method stores a set of action codes in an instruction memory in the data plane of the forwarding element. Each action code identifies an operation to perform on a field of a message received at the data plane. The method determines action codes required to process each field of the message in each message processing stage. The method configures a data-plane processing unit of the forwarding element to concurrently perform a group of the action codes in the same data plane processing stage when (i) the action codes are the same and (ii) operate on the same field of the message.

A programmable and reconfigurable frame processor comprises: a first data processing unit; a first state machine connected to the first data processing unit; a second data processing unit; a second state machine connected to the second data processing unit; and a master state machine respectively connected to the first and second state machines. The first and second data processing units each comprises a frame structure description table for storing a frame header address pointer, a frame tail address pointer and values of respective sections specified in a communication protocol. The first state machine, the second state machine and the master state machine each comprises a protocol state structure description table for storing a header address pointer, a tail address pointer and state transition values.

A programmable and reconfigurable frame processor comprises: a first data processing unit; a first state machine connected to the first data processing unit; a second data processing unit; a second state machine connected to the second data processing unit; and a master state machine respectively connected to the first and second state machines. The first and second data processing units each comprises a frame structure description table for storing a frame header address pointer, a frame tail address pointer and values of respective sections specified in a communication protocol. The first state machine, the second state machine and the master state machine each comprises a protocol state structure description table for storing a header address pointer, a tail address pointer and state transition values.

A hetero-mesh architecture is provided to enable varying densities of tile in a multi-core processor. The hetero-mesh architecture includes areas with different tile sizes and wire densities operating and different bandwidths. A split merge switch is utilized between the different parts of the hetero-mesh to enable the sending of packets from tiles in one area of the hetero-mesh to another area of the hetero-mesh while employing a single end to end communication protocol.

A method and an apparatus for selecting beams for non-codebook based uplink multiple-input and multiple-output are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method implemented by a user equipment (UE) includes receiving an allocation of at least one sounding reference signal (SRS) resource in an uplink subframe from a transmission and reception point (TRP) for a first set of uplink transmission beams, transmitting precoded SRSs in the at least one SRS resource to the TRP, wherein the precoded SRSs are precoded with UE-selected precoders and at least one rank and receiving an identification of two or more precoders for a second set of uplink transmission beams, wherein the second set of uplink transmission beams is selected from the first set of uplink transmission beams, and wherein the two or more precoders are based on the precoded SRSs.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a Flow Specification-based communications method, device, and system. The method includes: obtaining, by a controller, a requirement indicating that a first resource on a forwarding device needs to be associated with a second resource on the forwarding device; and sending, by the controller, a Border Gateway Protocol Flow Specification BGP Flow Spec protocol packet according to the requirement, where the BGP Flow Spec protocol packet includes a network layer reachability information field and an extended community attribute field, the network layer reachability information field carries characteristic information of the first resource, the extended community attribute field carries a global identifier GID used to indicate the second resource, and the BGP Flow Spec protocol packet is used to instruct to associate the first resource with the second resource.