In an information processing device, a communication control unit performs communication using a first communication method and using a second communication method that is faster than the first communication method. An equalizing unit performs an equalization operation using the first communication method with respect to a first information processing device in a redundancy system in which redundancy is achieved between the first information processing device and a second information processing device using the first communication method. After the equalization operation is completed by the equalizing unit, another equalizing unit performs the equalization operation using the second communication method with respect to a third information processing device, and builds a redundancy system in which the concerned information processing device and the third information processing device are used.

A method comprises obtaining a transmission signal to be power-amplified in a power amplifier (361) prior to transmission; separating the transmission signal into two or more polyphase components of the transmission signal; feeding one or more polyphase components of the transmission signal comprised in the two or more polyphase components to each of two or more parallel predistortion circuits (320,321,322); selecting a dedicated predistortion model and dedicated predistortion coefficients for each of the two or more parallel predistortion circuits (320,321,322); performing non-linear memory-based modeling on the transmission signal according to the selected dedicated predistortion models and coefficients using the one or more polyphase components; and combining output signals of the two or more parallel predistortion circuits (320,321,322) to form a predistorted transmission signal (y[n]) to be applied to the power amplifier (361).

A single-signal receiver including an active inductor continuous time linear equalizer and a reference voltage selection equalizer is provided. The single-signal receiver includes a continuous time linear equalizing unit to receive a single signal, and compensate for distortion of the single signal to generate an output, and a reference voltage selection equalizing unit to select one of a first reference voltage value and a second reference voltage value based on a previous output from a comparator, and sample the output from the continuous time linear equalizing unit, based on the one of the first reference voltage value and the second reference voltage value.

A timing recovery apparatus for signal reception in a data transmission system comprises an equalizer to equalize a received signal and a phase detector connected after the timing recovery equalizer that generates a clock tone from absolute values of the received signal after equalization.

A timing recovery apparatus for signal reception in a data transmission system comprises an equalizer to equalize a received signal and a phase detector connected after the timing recovery equalizer that generates a clock tone from absolute values of the received signal after equalization.

A receiver convolutes each of a real component and an imaginary component of each polarization of a polarization-multiplexed reception signal with an impulse response for compensating for frequency characteristics of the receiver and a complex impulse response for wavelength dispersion compensation, and generates, as input signals, the convoluted real component and imaginary component of each polarization and phase conjugations thereof, for each polarization. The receiver generates, for each polarization, a first addition signal obtained by multiplying each of the real component and the imaginary component of each polarization by a complex impulse response, thereafter adding together the multiplied real component and imaginary component, and applying a phase rotation for frequency offset compensation to the added components, and a second addition signal obtained by multiplying each of the phase conjugation of the real component of and the phase conjugation of the imaginary component of each polarization by a complex impulse response, thereafter adding together the multiplied phase conjugations, and applying a phase rotation opposite to the phase rotation for frequency offset compensation to the added phase conjugations, and adds or subtracts a transmission data bias correction signal to or from a signal obtained by adding together the generated first addition signal and second addition signal.

A receiver convolutes each of a real component and an imaginary component of each polarization of a polarization-multiplexed reception signal with an impulse response for compensating for frequency characteristics of the receiver and a complex impulse response for wavelength dispersion compensation, and generates, as input signals, the convoluted real component and imaginary component of each polarization and phase conjugations thereof, for each polarization. The receiver generates, for each polarization, a first addition signal obtained by multiplying each of the real component and the imaginary component of each polarization by a complex impulse response, thereafter adding together the multiplied real component and imaginary component, and applying a phase rotation for frequency offset compensation to the added components, and a second addition signal obtained by multiplying each of the phase conjugation of the real component of and the phase conjugation of the imaginary component of each polarization by a complex impulse response, thereafter adding together the multiplied phase conjugations, and applying a phase rotation opposite to the phase rotation for frequency offset compensation to the added phase conjugations, and adds or subtracts a transmission data bias correction signal to or from a signal obtained by adding together the generated first addition signal and second addition signal.

A method for modulating data for transmission within a communication system. The method includes establishing a time-frequency shifting matrix of dimension N×N, wherein N is greater than one. The method further includes combining the time-frequency shifting matrix with a data frame to provide an intermediate data frame. A transformed data matrix is provided by permuting elements of the intermediate data frame. A modulated signal is generated in accordance with elements of the transformed data matrix.

A method for modulating data for transmission within a communication system. The method includes establishing a time-frequency shifting matrix of dimension N×N, wherein N is greater than one. The method further includes combining the time-frequency shifting matrix with a data frame to provide an intermediate data frame. A transformed data matrix is provided by permuting elements of the intermediate data frame. A modulated signal is generated in accordance with elements of the transformed data matrix.

A receiver includes a plurality of linear equalizers receiving an input signal; and a plurality of samplers configured to sample a plurality of equalization signals output from the plurality of linear equalizers according to a clock signal. Each of the plurality of linear equalizers compares the input signal with a reference voltage among a plurality of reference voltages to determine a level of the input signal.