An method of determining a symbol according to a phase difference between input signals input in order of time may include calculating a first phase difference between a phase of a first previous signal received prior to a target signal and a phase of a second previous signal received prior to the first previous signal; calculating a second phase difference between a phase of the target signal and the phase of the second previous signal; calculating target likelihoods based on the first phase difference and the second phase difference; and determining an expected phase difference between the target signal and the first previous signal or an expected symbol for the target signal, based on the target likelihoods.

Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) is a novel modulation scheme with significant benefits for 5G systems. The fundamental theory behind OTFS is presented in this paper as well as its benefits. We start with a mathematical description of the doubly fading delay-Doppler channel and develop a modulation that is tailored to this channel. We model the time varying delay-Doppler channel in the time-frequency domain and derive a new domain (the OTFS domain) where we show that the channel is transformed to a time invariant one and all symbols see the same SNR. We explore aspects of the modulation like delay and Doppler resolution, and address design and implementation issues like multiplexing multiple users and evaluating complexity. Finally we present some performance results where we demonstrate the superiority of OTFS.

Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) is a novel modulation scheme with significant benefits for 5G systems. The fundamental theory behind OTFS is presented in this paper as well as its benefits. We start with a mathematical description of the doubly fading delay-Doppler channel and develop a modulation that is tailored to this channel. We model the time varying delay-Doppler channel in the time-frequency domain and derive a new domain (the OTFS domain) where we show that the channel is transformed to a time invariant one and all symbols see the same SNR. We explore aspects of the modulation like delay and Doppler resolution, and address design and implementation issues like multiplexing multiple users and evaluating complexity. Finally we present some performance results where we demonstrate the superiority of OTFS.

A Bluetooth communication method and device, and storage medium and terminal are provided. The method includes: generating a frame to be transmitted, wherein the frame to be transmitted comprises at least a Preamble, an Access Code, a Header, an Enhanced Data Rate Payload and a Trailer, wherein a configuration mode of the Preamble is consistent with a configuration mode of a Preamble in an LE frame, a configuration mode of the Header, the Enhanced Data Rate Payload and the Trailer are consistent with configuration modes of corresponding parts in an EDR frame, a configuration mode of the Access Code is consistent with a configuration mode of an Access Code in the LE frame and a configuration mode of an Access Code in the EDR frame; and generating and transmitting the frame to be transmitted by a modulation mode of the EDR frame and a Symbol Rate of the LE frame.

A Bluetooth communication method and device, and storage medium and terminal are provided. The method includes: generating a frame to be transmitted, wherein the frame to be transmitted comprises at least a Preamble, an Access Code, a Header, an Enhanced Data Rate Payload and a Trailer, wherein a configuration mode of the Preamble is consistent with a configuration mode of a Preamble in an LE frame, a configuration mode of the Header, the Enhanced Data Rate Payload and the Trailer are consistent with configuration modes of corresponding parts in an EDR frame, a configuration mode of the Access Code is consistent with a configuration mode of an Access Code in the LE frame and a configuration mode of an Access Code in the EDR frame; and generating and transmitting the frame to be transmitted by a modulation mode of the EDR frame and a Symbol Rate of the LE frame.

A unified mud-pulse (MP)-electromagnetic (EM) telemetry assembly and a downhole telemetry tool are provided including a downhole EM telemetry transmitter apparatus. The EM telemetry transmitter apparatus comprises a modulator configured to transmit at least one EM signal through transmission medium. The modulator comprises a first reactive circuit and a second reactive circuit, and a plurality of switches controlled by a controller to alternatingly switch the modulator between a first configuration and a second configuration. The EM signals are transmitted by passing one of the reactive circuits and bypassing the other reactive circuit.

A Bluetooth communication method and device, and storage medium and terminal are provided. The method includes: generating a frame to be transmitted, wherein the frame to be transmitted comprises at least a Preamble, an Access Code, a Header, an Enhanced Data Rate Payload and a Trailer, wherein a configuration mode of the Preamble is consistent with a configuration mode of a Preamble in an LE frame, a configuration mode of the Header, the Enhanced Data Rate Payload and the Trailer are consistent with configuration modes of corresponding parts in an EDR frame, a configuration mode of the Access Code is consistent with a configuration mode of an Access Code in the LE frame and a configuration mode of an Access Code in the EDR frame; and generating and transmitting the frame to be transmitted by a modulation mode of the EDR frame and a Symbol Rate of the LE frame.

A Bluetooth communication method and device, and storage medium and terminal are provided. The method includes: generating a frame to be transmitted, wherein the frame to be transmitted comprises at least a Preamble, an Access Code, a Header, an Enhanced Data Rate Payload and a Trailer, wherein a configuration mode of the Preamble is consistent with a configuration mode of a Preamble in an LE frame, a configuration mode of the Header, the Enhanced Data Rate Payload and the Trailer are consistent with configuration modes of corresponding parts in an EDR frame, a configuration mode of the Access Code is consistent with a configuration mode of an Access Code in the LE frame and a configuration mode of an Access Code in the EDR frame; and generating and transmitting the frame to be transmitted by a modulation mode of the EDR frame and a Symbol Rate of the LE frame.

A transmitter for use in a communication system uses a orthogonal modulation method, and the transmitter includes: an orthogonal sequence prescriber that prescribes association between orthogonal signals and information words determined on the basis of sizes of differences between information words of a plurality of mutually different information words and a probability of occurrence of decision errors between orthogonal signals of a plurality of mutually orthogonal signals; and a symbol mapper that, upon input of any of the information words, generates modulation symbols based on the orthogonal signals associated with the input information word according to the associations prescribed by the orthogonal sequence prescriber.

Methods and systems are described for asynchronously measuring an equalized information signal to obtain amplitude information, modifying frequency dependent parameters of a continuous-time linear equalization (CTLE) component of the signal path, determining a correlation between CTLE parameters and signal amplitude, and adjusting, responsive to the correlation, a continuous-time linear equalization (CTLE) code of a CTLE to adjust equalization of the equalized information signal.