A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.

A radio communications method includes carrying out, by a transmitter, transmission operations that include generating digital transmission signals carrying symbols to be transmitted and having a predefined time length; and transmitting a radio frequency signal carrying, in successive, non-overlapped time frames or slots having the predefined time length, the digital transmission signals generated. The method further includes carrying out, by a receiver, reception operations that include receiving the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter; processing the received radio frequency signal to obtain a corresponding digital incoming signal; applying an oversampling operation to the digital incoming signal thereby obtaining an oversampled digital incoming signal; detecting successive, non-overlapped time frames/slots with the predefined time length in the oversampled digital incoming signal; and, for each detected time frame/slot, estimating respective symbols carried by the oversampled digital incoming signal in the time frame/slot with a predefined reception matrix incorporating a predefined Kalman filter.

A radio communications method includes carrying out, by a transmitter, transmission operations that include generating digital transmission signals carrying symbols to be transmitted and having a predefined time length; and transmitting a radio frequency signal carrying, in successive, non-overlapped time frames or slots having the predefined time length, the digital transmission signals generated. The method further includes carrying out, by a receiver, reception operations that include receiving the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter; processing the received radio frequency signal to obtain a corresponding digital incoming signal; applying an oversampling operation to the digital incoming signal thereby obtaining an oversampled digital incoming signal; detecting successive, non-overlapped time frames/slots with the predefined time length in the oversampled digital incoming signal; and, for each detected time frame/slot, estimating respective symbols carried by the oversampled digital incoming signal in the time frame/slot with a predefined reception matrix incorporating a predefined Kalman filter.

A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.

A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.

A method is provided. In some examples, the method includes generating, by processing circuitry, a spread of chips representing an input bit. In addition, the method includes converting, by the processing circuitry, the spread of chips to a plurality of symbols comprising a pair of symbols. The method also includes mapping, by the processing circuitry, the pair of symbols to a single carrier signal and generating, by the processing circuitry, a radio-frequency (RF) signal based on the single carrier signal. The method further includes transmitting, by the processing circuitry via an antenna, the RF signal.

A transmitter and method therein for transmitting a signal to a receiver in a wireless communication system are disclosed. The transmitter is configured to modulate a signal using two different modulations, a combination of binary amplitude shill keying, ASK, and binary frequency shift keying, FSK, and transmit the modulated signal.

Wireless communications are described. A device may receive a message. The device may receive application data via a first cell group and a second cell group, and the device may transmit the application data to a communication device.

Wireless communications are described. A device may receive a message indicating a request for transmission of packets to a communication device. The device may receive the packets via a first cell group and a second cell group, and the device may transmit the packets to the communication device.

A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.