Disclosed are examples of systems, apparatus, devices, computer program products, and methods implementing aspects of a decentralized content fabric. In some implementations, one or more processors are configured to provide fabric nodes of an overlay network, including one or more fabric nodes that receive a client's request to access digital content on the overlay network. The request includes an authorization token digitally signed by or on behalf of a user of the client. The fabric node(s) extract a user identifier (ID) from the authorization token, then determine that one or more rules maintained on the overlay network are satisfied. The one or more rules condition access to the digital content upon the extracted user ID matching an ID associated with an owner of a digital instrument. The digital instrument, which can be a non-fungible token, is stored in a blockchain ledger as a unique representation of the digital content.

Techniques are presented for evaluating Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) performance in a network that includes a plurality of nodes. According to an example embodiment, a method is provided that includes obtaining information indicating equal cost multi-path (ECMP) paths in the network and a branch node in the network. For the branch node in the network, the method includes instantiating a virtual network function that simulates an ECMP hashing algorithm employed by the branch node to select one of multiple egress interface of the branch node; providing to the virtual network function for the branch node, a query containing entropy information as input to the ECMP hashing algorithm that returns interface selection results; and obtaining from the virtual network function a reply that includes the interface selection results. The method further includes evaluating ECMP performance in the network based on the interface selection results obtained for the branch node.

In one embodiment, a method includes receiving energy efficiency data from a plurality of nodes within a network. The method also includes determining an energy efficiency node quotient for each of the plurality of nodes within the network to generate a plurality of energy efficiency node quotients and determining an energy efficiency path quotient for each of a plurality of paths within the network to generate a plurality of energy efficiency path quotients. The method further includes determining one or more policies associated with the plurality of paths and selecting a path from the plurality of paths based at least on the plurality of energy efficient path quotients and the one or more policies.

In one embodiment, Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) is implemented using Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Segment Routing (SRv6) underlay network and SRv6-enhanced Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) signaling. A particular route associated with a particular Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Segment Routing (SRv6) Segment Identifier (SID) is advertised in a particular route advertisement message of a routing protocol (e.g., BGP). The SID includes encoding representing a particular Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) Layer 2 (L2) flooding Segment Routing end function of the particular router and a particular Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI), with the particular SID including a routable prefix to the particular router. The particular router receives a particular packet including the particular SID; and in response, the particular router performs the particular EVPN end function on the particular packet.

A request from a client device is received at a first one of a plurality of compute nodes at a first one of a plurality of data centers of a distributed cloud computing network. A destination of the request is determined. An optimized route for transmitting the request toward an origin server that corresponds with the destination of the request is determined, where the optimized route is based on at least in part on probe data between data centers of the distributed cloud computing network for a plurality of transit connections, and where the optimized route has an IP address that encodes an identification of which of the plurality of transit connections is to be used to deliver the request. The request is transmitted to a next hop as defined by the optimized route over the identified one of the plurality of transit connections.

Provided are a message processing method and apparatus, a device, a storage medium, and a system. The message processing method includes: multiple source group query messages respectively sent by multiple second communication nodes are received; a report message is determined based on the multiple source group query messages and a second communication node of the multiple second communication nodes is selected based on the multiple source group query messages; and the report message is sent to the selected second communication node.

A method may include monitoring a network performance metric for multiple paths to a destination through a network, and storing historical performance data for the paths. The method may also include receiving a data flow directed to the destination, where the data flow may be subject to a network performance agreement. The method may additionally include determining aggregate historical performances for the paths, and comparing the aggregate historical performances for the paths. The method may also include, based on the comparison of the aggregate historical performances, routing the data flow through the network.

Techniques and solutions for performing packet duplication in a packet-switched network are described. For example, duplicates of a network packet can be created and sent to a destination via different network paths. Packet duplication can be performed by a computer that is creating and sending network packets. Packet duplication can also be performed by another type of computing device such as a router that receives network packets and creates duplicates that are then sent to the destination via different network paths. Network packets can be encapsulated using encapsulation packets that include network path indicators that indicate use of different network paths. Multiple copies of a network packet can be received and processed.

Techniques for identity and policy based routing are presented. A resource is initiated on a device with a resource identity and role assignments along with policies are obtained for the resource. A customized network is created for the resource using a device address for the device, the resource identity, the role assignments, and the policies.

Deploying a point of presence (PoP) changes traffic flow to a cloud service provider. To determine if the PoP improves the performance of a cloud service to a client, actual network latencies between the client and the cloud service are measured. In more complex scenarios, multiple PoPs are used. The client sends multiple requests for the same content to the cloud provider. The requests are sent via different routes. The cloud provider serves the requests and collates the latency information. Based on the latency information, a route for a future request is selected, resources are allocated, or a user interface is presented. The process of determining the latency for content delivered by different routes may be repeated for content of different sizes. A future request is routed along the network path that provides the lowest latency for the data being requested.