A self-organizing mesh network system is disclosed, comprising: at least one master node generating a timing reference signal; a plurality of regular nodes deriving time synchronization from the timing reference signal; and a wireless medium for communicating location and timestamp information among the plurality of regular nodes, The plurality of regular nodes may be configured to each use communicated location and timestamp information of nearby nodes to independently generate a location map of the nearby nodes. The plurality of regular nodes may be configured to accept an additional regular node. The plurality of regular nodes may be configured to allow a node of the plurality of regular nodes to exit the plurality of regular nodes. The plurality of regular nodes may each use communicated location and timestamp information of the plurality of regular nodes to independently generate a location map of each of the plurality of regular nodes.

The present invention discloses a method and a system for wireless multi-hop networking based on a device provisioning protocol (DPP). The method includes the steps of receiving DPP configuration information of a mobile station by a terminal unsupportive of the DPP, sending the DPP configuration information of the mobile station to an access point by a cloud, wherein the access point and the mobile station are both supportive of the DPP, and controlling the access point to network with the mobile station according to the DPP configuration information of the mobile station such that the access point and the mobile station are integrated into a wireless multi-hop network. This solution for wireless multi-hop networking enhances the compatibility and networking efficiency with reduced resource consumption.

The present invention discloses a method and a system for wireless multi-hop networking based on a device provisioning protocol (DPP). The method includes the steps of receiving DPP configuration information of a mobile station by a terminal unsupportive of the DPP, sending the DPP configuration information of the mobile station to an access point by a cloud, wherein the access point and the mobile station are both supportive of the DPP, and controlling the access point to network with the mobile station according to the DPP configuration information of the mobile station such that the access point and the mobile station are integrated into a wireless multi-hop network. This solution for wireless multi-hop networking enhances the compatibility and networking efficiency with reduced resource consumption.

A model training method and an apparatus relate to the field of communication technologies. This can reduce data transmission pressure and improve a training speed and training efficiency when a model is trained via each network node. The method includes: a first node updates an obtained first model to obtain an updated first model, and sends the updated first model to a next-hop node. The first node is any node in a node set, and the node set is used to train the first model. The updated first model converges on the first node. The next-hop node is a node in the node set.

A model training method and an apparatus relate to the field of communication technologies. This can reduce data transmission pressure and improve a training speed and training efficiency when a model is trained via each network node. The method includes: a first node updates an obtained first model to obtain an updated first model, and sends the updated first model to a next-hop node. The first node is any node in a node set, and the node set is used to train the first model. The updated first model converges on the first node. The next-hop node is a node in the node set.

A communication method and apparatus, relating to the field of communication technologies, wherein the method includes: A first node sends a first request, where the first request is used to request node information of one or more nodes, and the one or more nodes are nodes in a node set associated with the first node; the first node obtains the node information of the one or more nodes, determines a next-hop node of the first node from the one or more nodes based on the node information, and sends an updated first model of the first node to the next-hop node.

A communication method and apparatus, relating to the field of communication technologies, wherein the method includes: A first node sends a first request, where the first request is used to request node information of one or more nodes, and the one or more nodes are nodes in a node set associated with the first node; the first node obtains the node information of the one or more nodes, determines a next-hop node of the first node from the one or more nodes based on the node information, and sends an updated first model of the first node to the next-hop node.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and computer-readable media for network communication within a Lunar and Interplanetary communication system. In one aspect, a length of time of line of sight occlusion associated with an object is determined based on a position of the object within its orbit. A dynamic forwarding table is generated that schedules packet paths among nodes within the network based on the length of time of the line of sight occlusion. A packet path for a packet is determined based on the dynamic forwarding table, where the packet path is based on minimizing the length of time of the line of sight occlusion associated with the object.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and computer-readable media for network communication within a Lunar and Interplanetary communication system. In one aspect, a length of time of line of sight occlusion associated with an object is determined based on a position of the object within its orbit. A dynamic forwarding table is generated that schedules packet paths among nodes within the network based on the length of time of the line of sight occlusion. A packet path for a packet is determined based on the dynamic forwarding table, where the packet path is based on minimizing the length of time of the line of sight occlusion associated with the object.

A packet forwarding method, apparatus, and system are provided, and belong to the field of network technologies. A destination address field of a first packet received by a first network node includes a compressed segment identifier corresponding to a first outbound interface or a next-hop node of the first network node; based on the first outbound interface being faulty or the next-hop node being faulty, the first network node determines a second segment identifier based on segment identifier planning information of the node corresponding to the compressed segment identifier, and forwards the first packet based on the second segment identifier, where the second segment identifier is a segment identifier in a segment list of the first packet or a segment identifier in the destination address field.