A packet loss processing method and a network device are provided. The method includes: A first node obtains a first forwarding label of a first packet, where the first packet is a discarded packet. The first node determines, based on the first forwarding label, that the first node does not have a LSP corresponding to the first forwarding label. The first node sends a first message to a second node, where the first message includes the first forwarding label, and the first message is used to indicate that the first node does not have the LSP corresponding to the first forwarding label. The second node may be, for example, a peer node of the first node. The first node sends the message to the peer node, to indicate that the first node does not have the LSP corresponding to the forwarding label.

A packet loss processing method and a network device are provided. The method includes: A first node obtains a first forwarding label of a first packet, where the first packet is a discarded packet. The first node determines, based on the first forwarding label, that the first node does not have a LSP corresponding to the first forwarding label. The first node sends a first message to a second node, where the first message includes the first forwarding label, and the first message is used to indicate that the first node does not have the LSP corresponding to the first forwarding label. The second node may be, for example, a peer node of the first node. The first node sends the message to the peer node, to indicate that the first node does not have the LSP corresponding to the forwarding label.

A method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: a first network device sends route information of a destination network device, where the route information includes a destination address of the destination network device, a primary next-hop address, and a backup next-hop address, the primary next-hop address includes a common address of the first network device and a second network device, for example, a loopback address, and the backup next-hop address includes an address of the first network device, for example, an IP address of the first network device. By using this method, when a fault occurs in a connection between the second network device and the destination network device, another network device may directly send a packet to the first network device according to the backup next-hop address, to ensure normal packet forwarding.

The embodiments herein relate to a method in a network device. In one embodiment, there proposes a method in a network device, comprising: determining a classification to which a route belongs based on one or more classification criteria; determining, based on the classification to which the route belongs, a detection mechanism for detecting whether the route is an abnormal route; detecting whether the route is an abnormal route using the determined detection mechanism. With the embodiments herein, the abnormal routes, especially the black hole routes, can be automatically detected and resolved in real time.

The embodiments herein relate to a method in a network device. In one embodiment, there proposes a method in a network device, comprising: determining a classification to which a route belongs based on one or more classification criteria; determining, based on the classification to which the route belongs, a detection mechanism for detecting whether the route is an abnormal route; detecting whether the route is an abnormal route using the determined detection mechanism. With the embodiments herein, the abnormal routes, especially the black hole routes, can be automatically detected and resolved in real time.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, an apparatus of a central or management entity of an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network may receive a report indicating one or more of a failure associated with a communication link associated with an IAB node included in the IAB network or a quality of service (QoS) associated with the communication link. The apparatus may modify a topography of the IAB network or routing within the IAB network when the report indicates the failure associated with the communication link. The apparatus may verify a QoS associated with the IAB network when the report indicates the QoS associated with the communication link. Numerous other aspects are described.

A network device receives an attribute identifying paths associated with an open shortest path first (OSPF) domain of a network and an intermediate system to intermediate system (ISIS) domain of the network, and provides the attribute to other network devices of the network. The network device receives traffic destined for one of the other network devices of the network, and determines that a primary path is unavailable for routing the traffic to the one of the other network devices. The network device selects a secondary path from the paths identified by the attribute. The secondary path is selected based on determining that the primary path is unavailable, and the secondary path is associated with the OSPF domain or the ISIS domain of the network. The network device provides the traffic to the one of the other network devices via the secondary path.

A network device receives an attribute identifying paths associated with an open shortest path first (OSPF) domain of a network and an intermediate system to intermediate system (ISIS) domain of the network, and provides the attribute to other network devices of the network. The network device receives traffic destined for one of the other network devices of the network, and determines that a primary path is unavailable for routing the traffic to the one of the other network devices. The network device selects a secondary path from the paths identified by the attribute. The secondary path is selected based on determining that the primary path is unavailable, and the secondary path is associated with the OSPF domain or the ISIS domain of the network. The network device provides the traffic to the one of the other network devices via the secondary path.

In one embodiment, a device obtains user experience metrics for a plurality of sessions with an online application. The device detects a plurality of anomalies from among the user experience metrics. The device determines, based on a correlation between the plurality of anomalies, that a particular path entity is a root cause of the plurality of anomalies. The particular path entity comprises an egress service provider or data center of the online application. The device provides an indication of the particular path entity being the root cause of the plurality of anomalies.

In one embodiment, a device obtains user experience metrics for a plurality of sessions with an online application. The device detects a plurality of anomalies from among the user experience metrics. The device determines, based on a correlation between the plurality of anomalies, that a particular path entity is a root cause of the plurality of anomalies. The particular path entity comprises an egress service provider or data center of the online application. The device provides an indication of the particular path entity being the root cause of the plurality of anomalies.