Systems, methods, and devices for improved routing operations in a network computing environment. A system includes a virtual customer edge router and a host routed overlay comprising a plurality of host virtual machines. The system includes a routed uplink from the virtual customer edge router to one or more of the plurality of leaf nodes. The system is such that the virtual customer edge router is configured to provide localized integrated routing and bridging (IRB) service for the plurality of host virtual machines of the host routed overlay.

Systems, methods, and devices for improved routing operations in a network computing environment. A system includes a virtual customer edge router and a host routed overlay comprising a plurality of host virtual machines. The system includes a routed uplink from the virtual customer edge router to one or more of the plurality of leaf nodes. The system is such that the virtual customer edge router is configured to provide localized integrated routing and bridging (IRB) service for the plurality of host virtual machines of the host routed overlay.

A method by a network device functioning as a provider edge (PE) in an ethernet virtual private network (EVPN) to prevent transient loops between multi-home peer PEs. The method includes advertising a first EVPN label to one or more PEs that are multi-home peer PEs of the PE, advertising a second EVPN label to one or more PEs that are not multi-home peer PEs of the PE, receiving first traffic for a CE that is encapsulated with the first EVPN label as opposed to the second EVPN label, and discarding the first traffic in response to determining that a link between the PE and the CE is not operational and the first traffic for the CE is encapsulated with the first EVPN label.

A method by a network device functioning as a provider edge (PE) in an ethernet virtual private network (EVPN) to prevent transient loops between multi-home peer PEs. The method includes advertising a first EVPN label to one or more PEs that are multi-home peer PEs of the PE, advertising a second EVPN label to one or more PEs that are not multi-home peer PEs of the PE, receiving first traffic for a CE that is encapsulated with the first EVPN label as opposed to the second EVPN label, and discarding the first traffic in response to determining that a link between the PE and the CE is not operational and the first traffic for the CE is encapsulated with the first EVPN label.

Provided are an information exchange method and apparatus, a tunnel establishment method and apparatus, a communication node and a storage medium. The method includes: receiving segment routing Internet Protocol version 6 (SRv6) path segment compression information reported by a second communication node, where the SRv6 path segment compression information includes node construction information and node behavior information of an SRv6 path segment identifier; and sending SRv6 path segment compression configuration information to a third communication node according to the SRv6 path segment compression information.

A method for establishing a segment routing (SR) tunnel based on an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) data plane using a Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) includes generating, by a path computation element (PCE), a first PCEP message, wherein the first PCEP message comprises indicating information and segment identifier (SID), and wherein the indicating information indicates that the SID is an IPv6 prefix of a node in a tunnel; receiving, by a first path computation client (PCC), the first PCEP message from the PCE; and establishing, by the first PCC, a Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6) tunnel from the first PCC to a second PCC.

A method for establishing a segment routing (SR) tunnel based on an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) data plane using a Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) includes generating, by a path computation element (PCE), a first PCEP message, wherein the first PCEP message comprises indicating information and segment identifier (SID), and wherein the indicating information indicates that the SID is an IPv6 prefix of a node in a tunnel; receiving, by a first path computation client (PCC), the first PCEP message from the PCE; and establishing, by the first PCC, a Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6) tunnel from the first PCC to a second PCC.

Systems and methods associated with a node in a Segment Routing network include, responsive to what services are support at a node in a Segment Routing network, creating a bitmap to represent the plurality of services supported at the node; and transmitting an advertisement with the bitmap such that the advertisement is a single advertisement of multiple services. This approach can reduce the advertisement of rout updates by orders of magnitude.

Systems and methods associated with a node in a Segment Routing network include, responsive to what services are support at a node in a Segment Routing network, creating a bitmap to represent the plurality of services supported at the node; and transmitting an advertisement with the bitmap such that the advertisement is a single advertisement of multiple services. This approach can reduce the advertisement of rout updates by orders of magnitude.

A route determining method, apparatus, and a network device are disclosed. The method includes a first forwarding node receives routing information from a second forwarding node, and then sends a packet to a destination node based on the routing information. The routing information includes a node identifier of the destination node and at least one piece of indication information that is in a one-to-one correspondence with at least one third forwarding node, and the second forwarding node belongs to the at least one third forwarding node. The packet includes the at least one piece of indication information, and the at least one piece of indication information indicates to forward the packet along the at least one third forwarding node.