A computerized-method for providing an elastic media forking infrastructure to cloud distributed real-time applications, is provided herein. In a network having a direct media streaming between a first media-client and a source device, in a direct media streaming mode, upon receiving a request from a second media-client, via a signaling protocol, to receive media from the source device, switching from the direct media streaming mode to a media forking mode by starting a media forking service on a media forking infrastructure. Upon receiving a request from the second media-client to terminate media reception from the source device, switching from media forking mode to direct streaming mode, by ending the media forking service, and operating the direct media streaming between the first media-client and the source device.

A computerized-method for providing an elastic media forking infrastructure to cloud distributed real-time applications, is provided herein. In a network having a direct media streaming between a first media-client and a source device, in a direct media streaming mode, upon receiving a request from a second media-client, via a signaling protocol, to receive media from the source device, switching from the direct media streaming mode to a media forking mode by starting a media forking service on a media forking infrastructure. Upon receiving a request from the second media-client to terminate media reception from the source device, switching from media forking mode to direct streaming mode, by ending the media forking service, and operating the direct media streaming between the first media-client and the source device.

A first network device may receive a request associated with forming a high-availability cluster with a second network device, wherein the first network device is associated with a session of a user device. The first network device may determine, based on authorization information associated with the first network device, that the first network device is authorized to form the high-availability cluster. The first network device may configure communication links with the second network device to form the high-availability cluster. The first network device may synchronize, with the second network device, session information associated with the session via the communication links. The first network device may route session traffic of the session to the second network device and a data network to enable the user device to receive a high-availability service during the session.

A first network device may receive a request associated with forming a high-availability cluster with a second network device, wherein the first network device is associated with a session of a user device. The first network device may determine, based on authorization information associated with the first network device, that the first network device is authorized to form the high-availability cluster. The first network device may configure communication links with the second network device to form the high-availability cluster. The first network device may synchronize, with the second network device, session information associated with the session via the communication links. The first network device may route session traffic of the session to the second network device and a data network to enable the user device to receive a high-availability service during the session.

Described are examples for receiving, by a network node, a request message from a user equipment (UE) to establish or modify a protocol data unit (PDU) session for the UE, and transmitting, by the network node, to the UE, and based on the request, a command message to establish or modify the PDU session for the UE, wherein the command message includes multiple traffic flow template (TFT) information elements per bearer.

Embodiments provide a service request processing method, a related device, and a communications system in an IMS network. In some embodiments, because 5GC network slices correspond to different services, P-CSCFs in the IMS also correspond to different service information. After receiving a terminated service request sent by an I-CSCF, a first S-CSCF can obtain an address of a corresponding P-CSCF based on terminated service information carried in the terminated service request. Then, the first S-CSCF sends the terminated service request to the P-CSCF corresponding to the address, and the P-CSCF processes the terminated service request.

Various methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are provided for background updating an application. An example computer-implemented method includes activating a group-based communication browser session within a first display window of an apparatus. The computer-implemented method also includes transmitting an update request for the group-based communication browser session to a group-based communication system upon determining that a window focus of the apparatus is on a second display window. The computer-implemented method further includes receiving an update for the group-based communication browser session. The computer-implemented method still further includes caching the update for the group-based communication browser session via a memory of the apparatus. The computer-implemented method also includes refreshing the group-based communication browser session based at least in part on the update upon determining that the window focus of the apparatus changes to the first display window. Corresponding apparatuses and computer program products are also provided.

Various methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are provided for background updating an application. An example computer-implemented method includes activating a group-based communication browser session within a first display window of an apparatus. The computer-implemented method also includes transmitting an update request for the group-based communication browser session to a group-based communication system upon determining that a window focus of the apparatus is on a second display window. The computer-implemented method further includes receiving an update for the group-based communication browser session. The computer-implemented method still further includes caching the update for the group-based communication browser session via a memory of the apparatus. The computer-implemented method also includes refreshing the group-based communication browser session based at least in part on the update upon determining that the window focus of the apparatus changes to the first display window. Corresponding apparatuses and computer program products are also provided.

A receiving device including a receiver and circuitry is provided. The receiver is configured to receive a digital broadcast signal transmitted using an Internet Protocol (IP) transmission method. The digital broadcast signal includes Layered Coding Transport (LCT) packets. The circuitry is configured to extract one of the LCT packets based on filtering information arranged in a header of the one of the LCT packets transmitted in a first layer that is higher than an IP layer of a protocol of the IP transmission method in the digital broadcast signal, and process first signaling data contained in the one of the LCT packets. The LCT packets are transmitted using a session of the first layer. The filtering information includes compression information indicating compression/no-compression of the first signaling data, and type information indicating a type of the first signaling data.

A receiving device including a receiver and circuitry is provided. The receiver is configured to receive a digital broadcast signal transmitted using an Internet Protocol (IP) transmission method. The digital broadcast signal includes Layered Coding Transport (LCT) packets. The circuitry is configured to extract one of the LCT packets based on filtering information arranged in a header of the one of the LCT packets transmitted in a first layer that is higher than an IP layer of a protocol of the IP transmission method in the digital broadcast signal, and process first signaling data contained in the one of the LCT packets. The LCT packets are transmitted using a session of the first layer. The filtering information includes compression information indicating compression/no-compression of the first signaling data, and type information indicating a type of the first signaling data.