The present disclosure describes an exemplary hybrid client/server architecture that may be utilized leverage the unique capabilities of both remote and local services. Data may be processed in parallel by remote and local processes. Results generated during the parallel processing may be exchanged between remote and local services and used to update results generated by the separate services. The hybrid client/server architecture may be utilized to generate enhanced inferences, hybrid subscriptions base upon local and remote subscriptions, and enhance natural language expression evaluation services.

Embodiments of this application provide a common service resource application method, a related device, and a system. The method includes: receiving, by a common service manager (CSM), resource requirement information of a common service required by a virtual network function (VNF); and then requesting, based on the resource requirement information of the common service required by the VNF, a virtualized infrastructure manager (VIM) to allocate a resource required by the common service of the VNF. In some embodiments, the CSM applies to the VIM for the resource of the common service required by the VNF, so as to avoid the VNF not working or service quality deteriorating because the common service has no available resource or resources are insufficient, and to avoid wasting common service resources.

Data replication can be supported efficiently in a protocol offload device (such as a protocol offload device to offload transport layer protocol processing from a host) by supporting a shared memory (SHM) abstraction for the send and receive buffers that are used in protocol offload devices. The protocol offload send and receive buffers are accessed using a per offloaded connection virtual address method that maps transport protocol sequence numbers (such as TCP protocol sequence numbers), to memory locations within buffers, and, for example, either page tables and paged memory or segment tables and segmented memory tables are used to access the memory.

A single service proxy for requesting services from multiple different service vendors with different communication protocols. In this way, a single communication protocol can be used by a service consuming entity to request various services, through the multiple vendor proxy, from various vendors, with the multiple vendor proxy converting the requests into the communication protocol (for example, syntax) appropriate for the vendor from whom the service is being requested on behalf of the service consuming entity.

A computer-implemented method in a content delivery network (CDN) having multiple delivery servers. The CDN delivers content on behalf of at least one content provider. Distinct delivery servers are logically grouped into delivery server groups. One or more CDN name servers are associated with some of the delivery server groups. Network map data are determined using network data determined by the CDN name servers associated with at least some of the deliver server groups. The network data with respect to a CDN name server relative to a resolver is based on an estimated popularity of that CDN name server for that resolver. Responsive to a client request, including a hostname associated with a content provider, at least one CDN name server determines, using network map data, at least one delivery server to process the client request.

A system for real-time resource consumption control in a distributed environment and a corresponding method can include a multitude of server instances having access to shared resources, whereby each request for a shared resource issued by a client application is handled by one of the server instances. A global resource consumption counter, representing the overall resource consumption of the multitude of server instances at a given time and a multitude of proxy servers can also be included. Each proxy server can include a receiver module for receiving resource consumption requests issued from a client application, a resource consumption decision module, a queue for collecting resource consumption requests, a local resource consumption counter representing the global resource consumption as seen by the respective proxy server, and/or a synchronization module for synchronizing the global resource consumption counter by interfacing with all other server instances.

An apparatus in one embodiment comprises cloud infrastructure having at least a first cloud. The apparatus further comprises a storage system separate from the first cloud and providing persistent storage for an application and associated data. The first cloud comprises a virtual machine image having installed therein an application launcher for the application of the storage system. Responsive to a request to execute the application, the first cloud configures a virtual machine instance based on the virtual machine image to execute the application launcher. In conjunction with the execution of the application launcher, the application is loaded from the storage system into the virtual machine instance for execution. In conjunction with the execution of the application, a data proxy associated with the application communicates with the storage system to transfer portions of the data required for execution of the application into non-persistent storage of the virtual machine instance.

A single service proxy for requesting services from multiple different service vendors with different communication protocols. In this way, a single communication protocol can be used by a service consuming entity to request various services, through the multiple vendor proxy, from various vendors, with the multiple vendor proxy converting the requests into the communication protocol (for example, syntax) appropriate for the vendor from whom the service is being requested on behalf of the service consuming entity.

A computer-implemented method in a content delivery network (CDN) having multiple delivery servers. The CDN delivers content on behalf of at least one content provider. Distinct delivery servers are logically grouped into delivery server groups. One or more CDN name servers are associated with some of the delivery server groups. Network map data are determined using network data determined by the CDN name servers associated with at least some of the deliver server groups. The network data with respect to a CDN name server relative to a resolver is based on an estimated popularity of that CDN name server for that resolver. Responsive to a client request, including a hostname associated with a content provider, at least one CDN name server determines, using network map data, at least one delivery server to process the client request.

A secure virtual network platform connects two or more subnets in different or separate network domains. The secure virtual network can use the under layer physical networks in various domains as an IP forwarding fabric without changing any existing firewalls, security settings, or network topology. A first type of connection across the virtual network involves connecting server groups. A second type of connection across the virtual network involves connecting a server group to a physical network. A third type of connection across the virtual network involves connecting a physical network to another physical network.