Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described in which multi-level significance maps are used in the encoding and decoding processes. The significant-coefficient flags that form the significance map are grouped into contiguous groups, and a significant-coefficient-group flag signifies for each group whether that group contains no non-zero significant-coefficient flags. A multi-level scan order may be used in which significant-coefficient flags are scanned group-by-group. The group scan order specifies the order in which the groups are processed, and the scan order specifies the order in which individual significant-coefficient flags within the group are processed. The bitstream may interleave the significant-coefficient-group flags and their corresponding significant-coefficient flags, if any.

Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described in which multi-level significance maps are used in the encoding and decoding processes. The significant-coefficient flags that form the significance map are grouped into contiguous groups, and a significant-coefficient-group flag signifies for each group whether that group contains no non-zero significant-coefficient flags. A multi-level scan order may be used in which significant-coefficient flags are scanned group-by-group. The group scan order specifies the order in which the groups are processed, and the scan order specifies the order in which individual significant-coefficient flags within the group are processed. The bitstream may interleave the significant-coefficient-group flags and their corresponding significant-coefficient flags, if any.

A method for transmitting video content segments includes providing Low Frame Rate (LFR) and High Frame Rate (HFR) encoding mode designations for video content segments having static scenes and scenes with motion, respectively. Each video content segment is encoded accordance with its encoding mode designation and then transmitted with its encoding mode designation to enable retrieval and decoding by a decoder. Encoded video content appears as LFR content for processing as LFR content by equipment unaware of the present encoding.

A method for transmitting video content segments includes providing Low Frame Rate (LFR) and High Frame Rate (HFR) encoding mode designations for video content segments having static scenes and scenes with motion, respectively. Each video content segment is encoded accordance with its encoding mode designation and then transmitted with its encoding mode designation to enable retrieval and decoding by a decoder. Encoded video content appears as LFR content for processing as LFR content by equipment unaware of the present encoding.

A method of encapsulating an encoded bitstream representing one or more images, the encapsulated bitstream comprising a data part and a metadata part. The method including providing image item information identifying a portion of the data part representing a sub-image or an image of a single image; providing image description information comprising parameters including display parameters and/or transformation operators relating to one or more images and outputting said bitstream together with said provided information as an encapsulated data file, wherein the image description information is stored in the metadata part.

A method of encapsulating an encoded bitstream representing one or more images, the encapsulated bitstream comprising a data part and a metadata part. The method including providing image item information identifying a portion of the data part representing a sub-image or an image of a single image; providing image description information comprising parameters including display parameters and/or transformation operators relating to one or more images and outputting said bitstream together with said provided information as an encapsulated data file, wherein the image description information is stored in the metadata part.

The present invention relates to a device and method for transmitting and receiving a broadcasting signal including a subtitle service. An embodiment of the present invention provides a broadcasting signal transmission method comprising the steps of: generating a broadcasting signal including video data and subtitle data; and transmitting the generated broadcasting signal. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a transmission stream providing a digital broadcasting subtitle service using XML subtitles can be transmitted.

An encoding target region in an image can be partitioned into a plurality of prediction regions. Based on prediction information of a neighboring region neighboring a target region, the number of previously-encoded prediction regions in the target region, and previously-encoded prediction information of the target region, a candidate for motion information to be used in generation of a predicted signal of the target prediction region as a next prediction region is selected from previously-encoded motion information of regions neighboring the target prediction region. According to the number of candidates for motion information selected, merging block information to indicate generation of the predicted signal of the target prediction region using the selected candidate for motion information and motion information detected by prediction information estimation means, or either one of the merging block information or the motion information is encoded.

Provided are an encoding device using predictive coding in a screen and a method thereof, and a decoding device and a method thereof. The encoding device is capable of generating a prediction block of a current block according to one of methods for generating a plurality of predetermined prediction blocks, and outputting at least one of encoding information and differential blocks as bitstream by entropy encoding according to whether differential blocks are encoded or not.

Methods for decoding of a video bitstream by a video decoding circuit are provided. In one implementation, a method receives coded data for a 2N×2N coding unit (CU) from the video bitstream, selects one or more first codewords according to whether asymmetric motion partition is disabled or enabled when a size of said 2N×2N CU is not equal to a smallest CU size, wherein none of the first codewords corresponds to INTER N×N partition, selects one or more second codewords when the size of said 2N×2N CU is equal to the smallest CU size, wherein none of the second codewords corresponds to the INTER N×N partition when N is 4, determines a CU structure for said 2N×2N CU from the video bitstream using said one or more first codewords or said one or more second codewords, and decodes the video bitstream using the CU structure.