The effect of ambient light on a measurement taken by an imaging pixel may be reduced by employing two optical filters. The two filters may have narrow passbands that are close to each other but do not overlap. The first filter may allow ambient and active light to pass. The second filter may allow ambient light to pass but may block active light. The ambient and active light that passes through the first filter may cause electrical charge to be generated in a photodiode of the pixel. The ambient light that passes through the second filter and strikes another pixel element may control the amperage of an electrical current that depletes charge from the photodiode. For instance, the other element may be a photoresistor, the light-dependent resistance of which controls the amperage, or may be a second photodiode that generates charge that controls a transistor that controls the amperage.

An image sensor compensates for noise. The image sensor includes a pixel array that includes a common monitor output line, a first monitoring pixel outputting a first monitoring signal, a second monitoring pixel outputting a second monitoring signal, and an active pixel configured to output a sensing signal based on an incident light. The image circuit also includes a binning circuit that receives the first and second monitoring signals through the common monitor output line and generates an average monitoring signal by performing binning on the first and second monitoring signals, and an analog-to-digital converter that detects an alternating current (AC) component of the average monitoring signal and couples the sampled AC component of the average monitoring signal to the sensing signal, thereby compensating for noise.

A radiation imaging apparatus has a sensor that converts irradiated radiation into a charge in accordance with a radiation dose, a switching power supply for supplying power to at least the sensor, and a readout unit that reads out a signal corresponding to the charge from the sensor. The radiation imaging apparatus synchronizes the imaging synchronization signal and a control clock for a switching operation of the switching power supply, causes a readout of signal from the sensor by the readout unit to be executed, and adjusts the phase of the control clock in each cycle of the imaging synchronization signal so that a timing of the imaging synchronization signal that occurs cyclically is at the same phase of the control clock.

A set of images of a product are obtained from a camera. The set of images are of a plurality of parts of the product being assembled. Based on the set of obtained images, an assembly step that is being performed is detected. One or more assembly metrics for assembling the product are retrieved. A potential assembly issue is determined. The determination is based on the detected assembly step and also based on the retrieved assembly metrics. An assistance feedback is provided based on the determined potential assembly issue.

In a sensing device that retains a code indicating access destinations, a data amount of the code is reduced. In a pixel array unit, a plurality of areas each include a predetermined number of pixels are arrayed. A reference access code retention unit retains a reference access code for designating, as access destinations, some of the pixels in a specific area among the plurality of areas. A non-reference access code generation unit generates a non-reference access code for designating, as access destinations, the pixels in an area which does not correspond to the specific areas among the plurality of areas from the reference access code. A signal processing unit generates pixel data of pixels designated with the reference access code and the non-reference access code.

In an image capturing apparatus that comprises a pixel area of pixels arranged in a matrix, output circuits apply preset processing to signals read out in parallel from divided areas obtained by dividing the pixel area in a column direction and output the processed signals, a controller performs control to execute first driving for reading out signals corresponding to a predetermined voltage to the output circuits, and second driving for reading out image signals from the pixel area, and a correction circuit generates gain data based on the predetermined voltage for correcting differences between the signals for correction of different columns output for each of the divide areas, and corrects the image signals of the divided areas using the gain data generated for the corresponding divided areas.

A method of correcting errors in the output of an image detector is disclosed. The method comprises measuring an output signal (V.sub.m) of a capacitor (C.sub.sh) holding a voltage corresponding to a signal detected by the image detector; comparing the value of output signal (V.sub.m) to the value of the previously measured output signal (V.sub.m−1) of the capacitor (C.sub.sh); calculating the error in the output signal (V.sub.m) using a predetermined correction factor and the difference between the value of the output signal (V.sub.m) and the value of the previously measured output signal (V.sub.m−1); and providing a corrected output value (V.sub.crt) in accordance with the calculated error. Detectors, methods of calibrating detectors, image correction apparatus and guidance systems comprising the detectors are also disclosed.

A method and a device for enhancing an edge of an image are provided. The method includes: obtaining a first gradient value of a pixel; determining whether the pixel is at a rough edge according to the first gradient value; if yes, obtaining a first edge enhancement value of the pixel and obtaining a first edge enhancement result of the pixel according to the first edge enhancement value; if no, obtaining a second gradient value of the pixel; determining whether the pixel is at a tiny edge according to the second gradient value; if yes, obtaining a second edge enhancement value of the pixel and obtaining a second edge enhancement result of the pixel according to the second edge enhancement value; if no, obtaining the pixel value of the pixel as the edge enhancement result of the pixel; and repeating above steps until each pixel of the image is processed.

A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes A/D conversion circuits configured to generate digital data by A/D-converting, during an A/D conversion period, analog signals read out from pixel circuits; memory circuits configured to store the digital data, output circuits each connected to at least two memory circuits among the memory circuits, and a scanning circuit configured to select one of the output circuits and select one of the at least two memory circuits connected to the selected output circuit, thereby reading out the digital data. The scanning circuit is configured not to change the selection of the output circuit during a prohibition period including at least a period until 0.65T elapses after a lapse of 0.35T since a start of the A/D conversion period where T represents a length of the A/D conversion period.

A radiation imaging apparatus, comprising a sensor array and a controller, wherein the controller shifts to a non-capturing mode upon receiving an instruction representing a suspension of radiographic imaging, and shifts to a capturing mode upon receiving an instruction representing a start of radiographic imaging, and the controller performs, in the capturing mode, one of movie capturing and continuous capturing in which an operation of driving the sensor array in response to one radiation irradiation for the sensor array and acquiring image data of one frame from the sensor array is repetitively executed, and, in the non-capturing mode, drives the sensor array to suppress lowering of a temperature of the sensor array in the non-capturing mode from the temperature of the sensor array in the capturing mode.