When separate service apparatuses that provide various communication services to users are connected by a wiring with communication functional units interposed, if there is a wiring abnormality, the location of the abnormality is easily identified. When a wiring connection is completed between separated service apparatuses X and Y that provide various communication services to user terminals 31 and 32 with communication functional units A1 and B2 interposed, a wiring management system 10A includes a transmission network management apparatus 14A that identifies a wiring abnormality. The transmission network management apparatus 14A associates endpoint names of the service apparatuses X and Y and of the functional units A1 and B2 with opposite endpoint names on the opposite sides, defines opposite endpoint IDs of the endpoints of the functional units A1 and B2 as expected values, and saves the end points in association with the opposite endpoint IDs in a DB 14b. Upon completing the wiring connection between the service apparatuses X and Y, an opposite endpoint ID of each of the functional units A1 and B2 and the service apparatuses X and Y opposite to predetermined functional units A1 and B2 is received as a received value via a wiring, and if the received value does not match the expected value, it is determined that the wiring is abnormal.

When separate service apparatuses that provide various communication services to users are connected by a wiring with communication functional units interposed, if there is a wiring abnormality, the location of the abnormality is easily identified. When a wiring connection is completed between separated service apparatuses X and Y that provide various communication services to user terminals 31 and 32 with communication functional units A1 and B2 interposed, a wiring management system 10A includes a transmission network management apparatus 14A that identifies a wiring abnormality. The transmission network management apparatus 14A associates endpoint names of the service apparatuses X and Y and of the functional units A1 and B2 with opposite endpoint names on the opposite sides, defines opposite endpoint IDs of the endpoints of the functional units A1 and B2 as expected values, and saves the end points in association with the opposite endpoint IDs in a DB 14b. Upon completing the wiring connection between the service apparatuses X and Y, an opposite endpoint ID of each of the functional units A1 and B2 and the service apparatuses X and Y opposite to predetermined functional units A1 and B2 is received as a received value via a wiring, and if the received value does not match the expected value, it is determined that the wiring is abnormal.

A system and method for time synchronization. The method includes incrementing at least one instance of a snap value, wherein the at least one instance is stored in at least one storage node of a distributed storage system, wherein each of the at least one instance is incremented using a single-phase commit operation, wherein each of the plurality of storage nodes includes at least one timestamp, wherein each timestamp indicates a corresponding snap time, wherein each snap time is determined by reading one of the at least one instance at a time of creation of the corresponding timestamp.

Techniques for detecting spam accounts in a system are described. The system may analyze speech characteristics of communication content (e.g., telephone call content, VoIP content, audio messaging, etc.) to determine whether multiple devices or user profiles are associated with overlapping communications. The system may also analyze text transcriptions of communication content to determine whether multiple devices or user profiles are associated with overlapping communications. If so, the system may mitigate, such as throttling service, disabling accounts, and the like.

Provided herein are systems and methods for performing dynamic adaption and correction for internal delays in devices connected to a common time-multiplexed bus. The methods allow devices to operate reliably at a higher bus frequency by correcting for inherent and unknown delays within the components and in the system by measuring the actual delays using multiple readings with the bus. Intrinsic noise and jitter are used to increase the precision of the measurements, thereby essentially using these uncertainties as self-dithering for increased measurement resolution. During adaption, delays may be adjusted in multiple step sizes to speed adaption time.

Provided is a multiplex transmission system capable of preventing occurrence of a mistake on connection of a client device to a multiplex transmission device. The multiplex transmission system includes: a detection means configured to detect new client connection that is new connection of a client device to a client port of each of a first multiplex transmission device 100 and a second multiplex transmission device 200; and a switch control unit 340 configured to control a switch unit 330 to connect a client port where new client connection is detected at a first time point in the first multiplex transmission device 100 with a client port where new client connection is detected at a second time point in the second multiplex transmission device, when a time interval between the first time point at which new client connection is detected in the first multiplex transmission device 100 and the second time point at which new client connection is detected in the second multiplex transmission device 200 is within a preset reference time, in a case where new client connection is detected in both the first multiplex transmission device 100 and the second multiplex transmission device 200.

Provided is a multiplex transmission system capable of preventing occurrence of a mistake on connection of a client device to a multiplex transmission device. The multiplex transmission system includes: a detection means configured to detect new client connection that is new connection of a client device to a client port of each of a first multiplex transmission device 100 and a second multiplex transmission device 200; and a switch control unit 340 configured to control a switch unit 330 to connect a client port where new client connection is detected at a first time point in the first multiplex transmission device 100 with a client port where new client connection is detected at a second time point in the second multiplex transmission device, when a time interval between the first time point at which new client connection is detected in the first multiplex transmission device 100 and the second time point at which new client connection is detected in the second multiplex transmission device 200 is within a preset reference time, in a case where new client connection is detected in both the first multiplex transmission device 100 and the second multiplex transmission device 200.

A method for verifying an operation of a mobile radio communication network is provided, wherein the method comprises sending an Initiation Message from a first network entity to a second network entity, the Initiation Message defining an undo request and comprising an UNDO section defining an undo area, a TRIGGERING_CM section indicating changes to the network, and an ASSISTANCE section; receiving an Assistance-Response Message, the Assistance-Response Message comprising the UNDO section, and an ASSISTED_CM section; and sending an Assistance-Acknowledge Message including an ACK flag and the UNDO section from the first network entity to the second network entity.

In accordance with an embodiment, a method includes: receiving, by an adjustable frequency doubling circuit, a first clock signal having a first clock frequency; using the adjustable frequency doubling circuit, generating a second clock signal having a second clock frequency that is twice the first clock frequency; measuring a duty cycle parameter of the second clock signal, where the duty cycle parameter is dependent on a duty cycle of the first clock signal or a duty cycle of the second clock signal; and using the adjustable frequency doubling circuit, adjusting the duty cycle of the first clock signal or the second clock signal based on the measuring.

A system and method for time division multiplexing voice and situational awareness data with defined transmission and retransmission windows comprises coordinating the voice and situational awareness windows at defined times across all nodes. Control signal windows and control signal retransmission windows are also defined to propagate control signals to coordinate the various voice and situational awareness windows. Voice data is prioritized for bandwidth.