A switch system includes interface circuitry configured to ingress and egress clients each including a stream of encoded blocks; and switch circuitry configured to switch the clients between the interface circuitry based on block boundaries of the stream of encoded blocks. The stream of encoded blocks can include 64 b/66 b encoding. Each block in the stream of encoded blocks can be switched intact.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a transmission apparatus, a connection device, and a method, where the apparatus includes N Ethernet Medium Access Control MAC ports, where each Ethernet MAC port is corresponding to a first MII interface, K Ethernet physical layer interfaces, where each Ethernet physical layer interface is corresponding to a second MII interface, and a connection device, where both N and K are positive integers; where the connection device is configured to control a time-division interconnect bus in the connection device or a time-division space-division switching matrix in the connection device to implement a connection between a timeslot of the first MII interface and a timeslot of the second MII interface, where the N Ethernet MAC ports and the K Ethernet physical layer interfaces are separately connected to the connection device by using the first MII interfaces and the second MII interfaces.

A method of establishing a communication link between a mobile terminal of a wireless network and a subscriber of a network, such as an enterprise network, and/or a residential network.

A method of operating a network server, such as a mobile application gateway, connect devices on a cellular or carrier network with individual networks, such as enterprise voice and data networks or residential networks. The effects of the present invention are far reaching in terms of transferring effective call control from the cellular network into the control of the individual network, such as the enterprise, and enabling new business models for the purchase of cellular service from a public cellular carrier by an enterprise.

A method of establishing a communication link between a mobile terminal of a wireless network and a subscriber of a network, such as an enterprise network, and/or a residential network.

Pre-authorized communication services and/or transactions are provided via a plurality of networks in response to a request received from a user to provide at least one of a communication service, a transaction and user account information via a plurality of networks of different types. Prior to processing the request, there is verification of the user's authorization to receive the at least one of the communication service, the transaction, and the user account information, and that an account associated with the user has a sufficient amount currently available for payment of the at least one of the communication service and the transaction. After verification, an authorized account associated with the user is charged in real time as the at least one of the communication service and the transaction is provided.

A method of operating a network server, such as a mobile application gateway, connect devices on a cellular or carrier network with individual networks, such as enterprise voice and data networks or residential networks. The effects of the present invention are far reaching in terms of transferring effective call control from the cellular network into the control of the individual network, such as the enterprise, and enabling new business models for the purchase of cellular service from a public cellular carrier by an enterprise.

A mobile application gateway for connecting devices on a cellular network with individual networks, such as enterprise voice and data networks and/or residential networks. The effects of the present invention are far reaching in terms of transferring effective call control from the cellular network into the control of the individual network such as the enterprise, and enabling new business models for the purchase of cellular service from a public cellular carrier by an enterprise. The invention may consist of a primarily of core network and services components based on the IMS network architecture, and is backward compatible to support legacy systems in place in current telecom and data networks.

A method of operating a network server, such as a mobile application gateway, connect devices on a cellular or carrier network with individual networks, such as enterprise voice and data networks or residential networks. The effects of the present invention are far reaching in terms of transferring effective call control from the cellular network into the control of the individual network, such as the enterprise, and enabling new business models for the purchase of cellular service from a public cellular carrier by an enterprise.

A system, server, and method of DTMF detection in a VoIP network.