A switch system includes interface circuitry configured to ingress and egress clients each including a stream of encoded blocks; and switch circuitry configured to switch the clients between the interface circuitry based on block boundaries of the stream of encoded blocks. The stream of encoded blocks can include 64 b/66 b encoding. Each block in the stream of encoded blocks can be switched intact.

This application provides a method for processing a packet in an access network. The method includes: receiving, by an access device, a layer 2 protocol packet sent by a central device, where a destination address of the layer 2 protocol packet is a MAC address of the access device; obtaining, flow table information according to the layer 2 protocol packet, and generating a flow table entry, where the flow table entry includes a match field and an instruction; receiving a service packet; and determining a matching flow table entry according to the service packet, and when the matching flow table entry is the generated flow table entry, processing the service packet according to the instruction in the generated flow table entry. According to the technical solution, the access device can obtain the flow table information from the central device without the need of configuring a public IP address.

A method of establishing a communication link between a mobile terminal of a wireless network and a subscriber of a network, such as an enterprise network, and/or a residential network.

The present invention maintains calls during transfers between different types of subsystems, even when there is a bearer path interruption at the user element due to the original connection from the transferring-out subsystem being dropped before the new connection in the transferring-in subsystem is established. The call signaling leg toward the remote endpoint of the remote party is held, while the call signaling leg toward the user element is moved from the transferring-out subsystem to the transferring-in subsystem and a new bearer path is established via the transferring-in subsystem. During transfers with a bearer path interruption, a portion of the bearer path leading to the remote endpoint may be connected to a media resource function, which will provide an announcement to the remote party. Once the user element is accessible in the transferring-in subsystem, the bearer path is further transferred to the user element via the transferring-in subsystem.

Pre-authorized communication services and/or transactions are provided via a plurality of networks in response to a request received from a user to provide at least one of a communication service, a transaction and user account information via a plurality of networks of different types. Prior to processing the request, there is verification of the user's authorization to receive the at least one of the communication service, the transaction, and the user account information, and that an account associated with the user has a sufficient amount currently available for payment of the at least one of the communication service and the transaction. After verification, an authorized account associated with the user is charged in real time as the at least one of the communication service and the transaction is provided.

A switch system configured to switch Flexible Ethernet (FlexE) client services includes interface circuitry configured to ingress and egress FlexE clients; and switch circuitry communicatively coupled to the interface circuitry and configured to switch portions of the FlexE clients utilizing a cell switch and Optical Transport Network (OTN) over Packet (OPF) techniques. A method of switching Flexible Ethernet (FlexE) client services includes ingressing and egressing FlexE clients via interface circuitry; interfacing the FlexE clients with switch circuitry communicatively coupled to the interface circuitry; and switching portions of the FlexE clients with the switch circuitry utilizing a cell switch and Optical Transport Network (OTN) over Packet (OPF) techniques.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a transmission apparatus, a connection device, and a method, where the apparatus includes N Ethernet Medium Access Control MAC ports, where each Ethernet MAC port is corresponding to a first MII interface, K Ethernet physical layer interfaces, where each Ethernet physical layer interface is corresponding to a second MII interface, and a connection device, where both N and K are positive integers; where the connection device is configured to control a time-division interconnect bus in the connection device or a time-division space-division switching matrix in the connection device to implement a connection between a timeslot of the first MII interface and a timeslot of the second MII interface, where the N Ethernet MAC ports and the K Ethernet physical layer interfaces are separately connected to the connection device by using the first MII interfaces and the second MII interfaces.

Methods of combining semi-persistent resource allocation and dynamic resource allocation are provided. Packets, such as VoIP packets, are transmitted on the uplink and downlink using respective semi-persistent resources. For each mobile device, awake periods and sleep periods are defined. The semi-persistent resources are aligned with the awake periods so that most of the time the mobile device can turn off its wireless access radio during the sleep periods. In addition, signalling to request, and to allocate, resources for additional packets are transmitted during the awake periods, and the resources allocated for the additional packets are within the awake windows.

Pre-authorized communication services and/or transactions are provided via a plurality of networks in response to a request received from a user to provide at least one of a communication service, a transaction and user account information via a plurality of networks of different types. Prior to processing the request, there is verification of the user's authorization to receive the at least one of the communication service, the transaction, and the user account information, and that an account associated with the user has a sufficient amount currently available for payment of the at least one of the communication service and the transaction. After verification, an authorized account associated with the user is charged in real time as the at least one of the communication service and the transaction is provided.

A method of operating a network server, such as a mobile application gateway, connect devices on a cellular or carrier network with individual networks, such as enterprise voice and data networks or residential networks. The effects of the present invention are far reaching in terms of transferring effective call control from the cellular network into the control of the individual network, such as the enterprise, and enabling new business models for the purchase of cellular service from a public cellular carrier by an enterprise.