A panel speaker includes: a panel; a vibration actuator having first and second oppositely-facing surfaces, the first surface facing the panel; a screw that fastens the vibration actuator to the panel, the screw having a head that protrudes beyond the second surface of the vibration actuator; and a back chassis that faces the second surface of the vibration actuator. The back chassis has a protrusion protruding toward the vibration actuator in a portion of the back chassis that faces the head of the screw.

The invention provides apparatus and methods for interference based wave synthesis. The invention comprises (i) receiving information defining output wave characteristics, said output wave characteristics comprising at least an output wave frequency B, and an output signal amplitude M, (ii) determining a constant value A and (iii) driving a first input wave generator to generate a first input wave and (iv) driving a second input wave generator to generate a second input wave, such that the interfered wave synthesized by interference of the first input wave and the second input wave has output wave characteristics defined by the received information.

The invention provides apparatus and methods for interference based wave synthesis. The invention comprises (i) receiving information defining output wave characteristics, said output wave characteristics comprising at least an output wave frequency B, and an output signal amplitude M, (ii) determining a constant value A and (iii) driving a first input wave generator to generate a first input wave and (iv) driving a second input wave generator to generate a second input wave, such that the interfered wave synthesized by interference of the first input wave and the second input wave has output wave characteristics defined by the received information.

The present invention is a signal processing circuit 12 for an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer configured to correct signals input to a single driven electrostatic electroacoustic transducer 15 including a diaphragm 151 and a fixed electrode 152 disposed to face the diaphragm. The signal processing circuit includes a correction value determiner 122 configured to determine a correction value v1 of a level based on a level of the input signals s1 from the sound source, and a level corrector 124 configured to correct the level of the input signals based on the correction value. The level corrector is configured to correct the level of an input signal among the input signals based on the correction value. The input signal corresponds to a signal for displacing the diaphragm to a first direction side on which a fixed electrode is not disposed with respect to a predetermined position.

The present invention is a signal processing circuit 12 for an electrostatic electroacoustic transducer configured to correct signals input to a single driven electrostatic electroacoustic transducer 15 including a diaphragm 151 and a fixed electrode 152 disposed to face the diaphragm. The signal processing circuit includes a correction value determiner 122 configured to determine a correction value v1 of a level based on a level of the input signals s1 from the sound source, and a level corrector 124 configured to correct the level of the input signals based on the correction value. The level corrector is configured to correct the level of an input signal among the input signals based on the correction value. The input signal corresponds to a signal for displacing the diaphragm to a first direction side on which a fixed electrode is not disposed with respect to a predetermined position.

A vehicle and a controlling method of the same include a speaker outputting virtual engine sound integrated with a head lamp. The vehicle includes the head lamp; a head lamp case in which the head lamp is provided; and a speaker for outputting a virtual engine sound, and provided inside the head lamp case, where an internal cross-sectional area of the head lamp case may increase in a direction toward a front of the vehicle based on a position where the speaker is provided.

A diaphragm for use in a transducer, the diaphragm including a flexible layer configured to deflect in response to changes in a differential pressure. The flexible layer includes a lattice grid. The lattice grid includes a first plurality of substantially elongate openings oriented along an axis and a second plurality of substantially elongate openings extending generally parallel to the axis. The second plurality of openings is substantially offset from the first plurality of openings in a direction substantially parallel to the axis. The first plurality of openings and the second plurality of openings define a first plurality of spaced apart grid beams extending between and substantially parallel to the axis and a second plurality of spaced apart grid beams extending substantially perpendicular to the axis. The second plurality of grid beams is configured to connect adjacent ones of the first plurality of grid beams.

A diaphragm for use in a transducer, the diaphragm including a flexible layer configured to deflect in response to changes in a differential pressure. The flexible layer includes a lattice grid. The lattice grid includes a first plurality of substantially elongate openings oriented along an axis and a second plurality of substantially elongate openings extending generally parallel to the axis. The second plurality of openings is substantially offset from the first plurality of openings in a direction substantially parallel to the axis. The first plurality of openings and the second plurality of openings define a first plurality of spaced apart grid beams extending between and substantially parallel to the axis and a second plurality of spaced apart grid beams extending substantially perpendicular to the axis. The second plurality of grid beams is configured to connect adjacent ones of the first plurality of grid beams.

The present invention provides an acoustic device including a frame, a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system. The magnetic circuit system includes a lower plate and a magnet assembly having a magnetic gap. The vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil at least partially located in the magnetic gap. The frame includes a lower cover and a frame side wall. The vibration system is supported on the frame side wall. The lower plate includes a plate body spaced apart from the lower cover and a support wall bending and extending from the plate body toward the lower cover. The magnet assembly is supported and fixed on a surface of the plate body distal to the lower cover. The support wall abuts against and is fixed on the lower cover.

The present invention provides an acoustic device including a frame, a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system. The magnetic circuit system includes a lower plate and a magnet assembly having a magnetic gap. The vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil at least partially located in the magnetic gap. The frame includes a lower cover and a frame side wall. The vibration system is supported on the frame side wall. The lower plate includes a plate body spaced apart from the lower cover and a support wall bending and extending from the plate body toward the lower cover. The magnet assembly is supported and fixed on a surface of the plate body distal to the lower cover. The support wall abuts against and is fixed on the lower cover.