The invention relates to a stable bicarbonate ion-containing drug solution, particularly a bicarbonate-containing drug solution for dialysis in which the stability has been improved by the presence of a phosphate ion. Further, the invention relates to a drug solution for acute blood purification, particularly a dialysate and a substitution liquid for acute blood purification to be mixed before use containing the drug solution. Still further, the invention relates to a dialysate and a substitution liquid for acute blood purification to be mixed before use in which the formation of insoluble fine particles or precipitates is prevented for a long time after mixing and with which hypokalemeia and hypophosphatemia are not caused.

The present invention relates to a dialysis solution containing bicarbonate, calcium and phosphate, wherein the dialysis solution contains phosphate having a concentration in the range from up to 0.4 mmol/l, preferably in the range from up to 0.375 mmol/l, or in the range from up to 0.25 mmol/l, and particularly preferably in the range from up to 0.2 mmol/l.

A processor of a medical device configured to communicate with a remote server can be programmed to protect the medical device from exposure to unauthorized or malicious software. A system or method to implement this form of protection can include, for example, at least one processor on the medical device, a control software module that controls the operation of the medical device and is executable on the processor, a data management module that manages data flow to and from the control software module from sources external to the medical device, and an agent module that has access to a limited number of designated memory locations in the medical device. In addition, a hemodialysis apparatus can be configured to operate in conjunction with an apparatus for providing purified water from a source such as a municipal water supply or a well. A system for controlling delivery of purified water to the hemodialysis apparatus can comprise a therapy controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with a controller of a water purification device, and a user interface controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with the therapy controller, and to send data to and receive data from a user interface.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating cancer with nutritionally modified diets and/or dialysis treatment, such as through amino acid depletion of one or more nonessential amino acids. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating obesity with such modified diets and/or dialysis treatment. Furthermore, in some aspects, the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating renal disease with such modified diets and/or dialysis treatment.

Provided herein are methods for maintaining physiological levels of thiosulfate in a subject undergoing hemodialysis. Also provided herein are methods of administering pharmaceutically acceptable sodium thiosulfate to a subject undergoing hemodialysis.

Provided is a method for cancer treatment in a patient comprising extracorporeal dialysis of blood, plasma or peritoneal fluid of the patient with a dialysis system for removing a target amino acid, and the dialysis system comprising: a dialysis machine, a dialyzer having a dialysis membrane, and a dialysate; wherein the dialyzer is connected to the dialysis machine and the dialysate flows within the dialysis machine and the dialyzer; and an enzyme for degrading the target amino acid is provided to the dialysis membrane and/or the dialysate, and the target amino acid includes asparagine, glutamine, arginine, serine, methionine or any combination thereof. By modifying dialysis to achieve in vitro amino acid deprivation and incorporating personalized diagnosis, the present invention not only provides a novel precision medicine with better anticancer efficacy and less side effects, but also requires less time and cost for development.

A method to form a dialysis composition includes determining for a patient a prescribed calcium concentration for a dialysis fluid to be administered to the patient. The determination is made based on a non-citrate containing calcium dialysis fluid. 0.5 to 3 mM citrate and 1 to 5 mM total calcium are introduced to the dialysis fluid. The total calcium results in a calcium concentration that is 0.1 to 0.2 mM per 1 mM citrate greater than the prescribed calcium concentration. 0 to 1.5 mM total magnesium is introduced to the dialysis fluid.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for treating a biological fluid of a subject suffering from a microbial infection (e.g., a drug-resistant microbial infection). In some embodiments, these methods and systems involve a complement receptor immobilized on, or otherwise associated with a polymer substrate, for example, high surface area particles, membranes, hollow fibers, and/or other porous or non-porous media. In other embodiments, the methods and systems involve a complement receptor present in a dialysate used in a dialyzer for extracting pathogens out of a biological fluid, for example, the blood of a patient.

Disclosed is a composition for use in preparation of a dialysis solution, at least comprising a first substance and a second substance, wherein the first substance comprises or can generate phosphate, and the second substance comprises or can generate a peptide based on glycine. Also disclosed are a corresponding dialysis solution, a corresponding concentrate, a combination of a container and the composition, a combination of a container and the dialysis solution and a combination of a container and the concentrate. According to the present disclosure, a more stable, more effective dialysis solution can be obtained.

The disclosure relates to systems and methods for generating a brine solution using a salt cartridge for recharging zirconium phosphate in a reusable sorbent module. The salt cartridge can include an inlet and an outlet on opposite sides. Water can be pumped through the salt cartridge to dissolve the salts in the salt cartridge and the resulting solution can be collected as a brine solution for use in recharging the zirconium phosphate.