A mechanical kidney transplant may include four modules to interconnect and clean blood. Blood flowing through at least one of the modules flows through dialyzer fiber/tubes, while an area surrounding that fiber/tubes receives a flow of physiological resin gel of a design that will remove impurities from the blood. A subsystem of one or more sensors (a) detects and sets an alarm condition when the physiological resin gel is degraded and may need partial or full replacement, and/or (b) detects and sets an alarm condition if blood leakage has occurred within the module.

Hemofilters for in vivo filtration of blood are disclosed. The hemofilters disclosed herein provide an optimal flow of blood through the filtration channels while maintaining a pressure gradient across the filtration channel walls to enhance filtration and minimize turbulence and stagnation of blood in the hemofilter.

Filtration membrane with improved mechanical stability and increased resistance to pressure is provided. The filtration membrane is useful for in vivo implantable filtration devices, such as, an artificial kidney. In vivo implantable filtration devices are also provided.

The present invention discloses an apparatus and a method to safely deliver oxygen into an environment of interest, such as blood plasma. The apparatus comprises an external oxygen source, a suitably insulated and reinforced tubular member, a diffuser head, an agitator, a vibrator and a collapsible cage member. The method employs deployment of a diffuser head which generates and releases ultrafine bubbles of gaseous oxygen or microdroplets of liquid oxygen, into a vascular chamber of interest which is the pulmonary artery, to improve oxygen levels in the blood contained in the vascular chamber.

Dialysis systems and methods are described which can include a number of features. The dialysis systems described can be to provide dialysis therapy to a patient in the comfort of their own home. The dialysis system can be configured to prepare purified water from a tap water source in real-time that is used for creating a dialysate solution. The dialysis systems described also include features that make it easy for a patient to self-administer therapy.

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for blood and other biological fluid purification using a membrane with cell containing vascular channel systems and filtration channel systems. Also disclosed are methods of making the apparatus as well as methods of making membranes.

A mobile dialysis fluid generation system includes a cargo unit configured to be transported by a vehicle; a cleanroom located inside the cargo unit; water purification equipment; at least one dialysis fluid preparation unit located inside the cleanroom; and at least one area provided outside the cleanroom but inside the cargo unit for storing at least one of a raw material or containers filled with dialysis fluid. The at least one dialysis fluid preparation unit includes at least one concentrate, a mixing device configured to receive purified water from the water purification equipment and to mix the purified water with the at least one concentrate to form dialysis fluid, and a tubing set for transfer of the dialysis fluid from the mixing device to a container positioned and arranged to receive the dialysis fluid.

A medical device includes an elongated member configured to be inserted into a vessel of a patient. The elongated member includes a permeable membrane that defines a wall of the elongated member and a flow channel within the wall. The permeable membrane defines nanopores extending from an exterior surface of the permeable membrane to tire flow channel. Idle nanopores are configured to enable diffusion of a pressurized gas from out of the flow channel and. into a fluid within the vessel. The nanopores are configured to form gas nanobubbles at the exterior surface of the permeable membrane as the pressurized gas diffuses out from the flow channel and into the fluid within the vessel.

The present disclosure describes intravascular oxygenation systems and methods with one or more of improved oxygen diffusion flux, improved resistance to bubble formation on the surface of non-porous hollow fibers, and reduced size. The systems and methods include a pneumatic inlet coupled to a pneumatic source that provides a gas containing oxygen at a high pressure. A plurality of hollow fiber membranes (HFM) are in pneumatic communication with the pneumatic inlet to receive the gas containing oxygen and with an outlet to exhaust a partially deoxygenated gas. An electronic controller drives the motor to oscillate the plurality of HFMs to cause a diffusive flux of the gas containing oxygen from the plurality of HFMs into a region of interest of a subject. The electronic controller may drive the motor according to an oscillation pattern, which may include a macro-oscillation with superimposed micro-oscillations.

An implantable renal replacement therapy device may include: a first catheter configured to be inserted into a blood vessel in a subject's body; a pump in fluid communication with the first catheter, the pump is configured to pump subject's blood from the blood vessel; a filter in fluid communication with the pump, the filter is configured to: receive the subject's blood from the pump, and filter the received blood to provide a filtered blood and a filtrate liquid, wherein the filter is in fluid communication with the first catheter to cause an outflow of the filtered blood from the filter to the blood vessel; and a second catheter in fluid communication with the filter and configured to be inserted into an urinary bladder in the subject's body to cause an outflow of the filtrate liquid from the filter to the urinary bladder.