The present disclosure provides an MEMS microphone including a base having a rear cavity and a capacitor system disposed on the base. The capacitor system includes a rear plate and a diaphragm that are spaced relatively apart to form an acoustic cavity. A piezoelectric diaphragm is attached to a side of the diaphragm, the side being away from the acoustic cavity. The piezoelectric diaphragm, under the deformation effect of the diaphragm, deforms to generate and output charges. Therefore, the MEMS microphone can output two groups of electrical signals, one group of electrical signals output by the capacitor system and one group of electrical signals output by the piezoelectric diaphragm, thereby sensitivity of the microphone is improved.

The present disclosure provides an MEMS microphone including a base having a rear cavity and a capacitor system disposed on the base. The capacitor system includes a rear plate and a diaphragm that are spaced relatively apart to form an acoustic cavity. A piezoelectric diaphragm is attached to a side of the diaphragm, the side being away from the acoustic cavity. The piezoelectric diaphragm, under the deformation effect of the diaphragm, deforms to generate and output charges. Therefore, the MEMS microphone can output two groups of electrical signals, one group of electrical signals output by the capacitor system and one group of electrical signals output by the piezoelectric diaphragm, thereby sensitivity of the microphone is improved.

A hybrid actuator is provided in which a piezoelectric element and an actuator are incorporated with each other. The hybrid actuator includes: a housing; a stator secured to the housing and having a coil; a vibrator having a permanent magnet configured to vibrate due to a mutual electromagnetic force with the stator; an elastic member configured to elastically support the vibrator relative to the housing; a piezoelectric element attached to one surface of the housing; and an F-PCB (flexible printed circuit board) applying an electric current to the piezoelectric element and the coil inside the housing. A part of the F-PCB extends outside the housing. Input terminals are formed on the part of the F-PCB which extends outside the housing. The input terminals are configured to receive a vibration signal and an audio signal so that the hybrid actuator can reproduce both the vibration signal and the audio signal.

Laser-based devices utilizing temperature modulation for improved self-mix sensing. A self-mix laser unit includes: an active region having a first side and a second, opposite, side; a p-type Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) region, which is in direct touch with said first side of the active region; an n-type DBR region, which is in direct touch with the second side of the active region; and an n-type or p-type or other substrate. A heating unit provides modulated heating to the active region, either directly via an electrical resistor within the active region; or indirectly by passing or propagating modulated heat through one of the DBR regions or through the substrate. The modulated heating improves the laser-based self-mix signal.

Laser-based devices utilizing temperature modulation for improved self-mix sensing. A self-mix laser unit includes: an active region having a first side and a second, opposite, side; a p-type Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) region, which is in direct touch with said first side of the active region; an n-type DBR region, which is in direct touch with the second side of the active region; and an n-type or p-type or other substrate. A heating unit provides modulated heating to the active region, either directly via an electrical resistor within the active region; or indirectly by passing or propagating modulated heat through one of the DBR regions or through the substrate. The modulated heating improves the laser-based self-mix signal.

A speaker including a supporting structure, a diffusion membrane that is movable relative to the supporting structure, a motor for actuating the diffusion membrane, including a movable unit relative to the supporting structure, the movable unit being mechanically connected to the diffusion membrane for synchronized movement thereof, and a hydraulic circuit interposed between the movable unit and the diffusion membrane, the diffusion membrane and the movable unit each including a movable piston surface, interacting with a fluid of the hydraulic circuit.

Provided is a piezoelectric type and capacitive type combined MEMS microphone, comprising a base with a back cavity and a capacitor system arranged on the base; wherein, the capacitor system comprises a back plate and a diaphragm; the back plate is opposite to and apart from the diaphragm to form a first sound cavity; a piezoelectric diaphragm structure is between the capacitor system and the base; a second sound cavity is formed between the capacitor system and the piezoelectric diaphragm structure; the second sound cavity is at least in communication with the first sound cavity or the back cavity; the piezoelectric type and capacitive type combined MEMS microphone can output two groups of electric signals comprising a group of electric signals output from the capacitor system and a group of electric signals output from the piezoelectric diaphragm structure, thus improving sensitivity of the microphone.

Provided is a piezoelectric type and capacitive type combined MEMS microphone, comprising a base with a back cavity and a capacitor system arranged on the base; wherein, the capacitor system comprises a back plate and a diaphragm; the back plate is opposite to and apart from the diaphragm to form a first sound cavity; a piezoelectric diaphragm structure is between the capacitor system and the base; a second sound cavity is formed between the capacitor system and the piezoelectric diaphragm structure; the second sound cavity is at least in communication with the first sound cavity or the back cavity; the piezoelectric type and capacitive type combined MEMS microphone can output two groups of electric signals comprising a group of electric signals output from the capacitor system and a group of electric signals output from the piezoelectric diaphragm structure, thus improving sensitivity of the microphone.

A lighting assembly includes a light source module including at least one LED, an AC to DC converter to receive an AC voltage and supply regulated electrical energy to power the light source module, a lens, and a heat-sinking unified casting. The casting includes a closed rear wall and a sidewall that defines a casting cavity containing the at least one LED. The closed rear wall and the sidewall are formed of a heat conductive material to dissipate heat generated by the light source module, and the sidewall has at least one exterior width dimension of less than 3½ inches. The assembly also includes a front end face coupled to the sidewall, and a twist-and-lock mechanism comprising multiple flanges that extend radially outward from a perimeter of the front end face, and/or at least one groove and/or at least one slot to form a twist-and-lock friction connection with a trim.

A lighting assembly includes a light source module including at least one LED, an AC to DC converter to receive an AC voltage and supply regulated electrical energy to power the light source module, a lens, and a heat-sinking unified casting. The casting includes a closed rear wall and a sidewall that defines a casting cavity containing the at least one LED. The closed rear wall and the sidewall are formed of a heat conductive material to dissipate heat generated by the light source module, and the sidewall has at least one exterior width dimension of less than 3½ inches. The assembly also includes a front end face coupled to the sidewall, and a twist-and-lock mechanism comprising multiple flanges that extend radially outward from a perimeter of the front end face, and/or at least one groove and/or at least one slot to form a twist-and-lock friction connection with a trim.