The present invention concerns an electronic safety system for an RO device which is configured to be used with at least one dialysis device (e.g., a hemodialysis or a peritoneal dialysis device). The system comprises the RO device, which is configured for the production of ultrapure water and which includes a sensor unit for collecting sensor data and whereby the RO device comprises an electronic data interface in order to send the sensor data collected by the sensor unit; and it also comprises an analysis unit which is configured to analyze a water sample with regards to safety requirements and for example with regard to contamination and to generate result data whereby the analysis unit also includes an analysis interface in order to send the generated result data in electronic form; and a network for the data exchange between the medical entities, for example between the RO device and the analysis unit.

A renal failure therapy system includes: (i) a dialysis fluid pumping unit including a dialysis fluid pump; (ii) a disposable set operable with the dialysis fluid pumping unit such that the dialysis fluid pump can pump dialysis fluid from the disposable set; (iii) a concentrate in fluid communication with the disposable set, wherein the concentrate is used to prepare the dialysis fluid; and (iv) a control unit operating the dialysis fluid pump, the control unit configured to cause a portion of the concentrate to fill at least a portion of the disposable set between treatments, the concentrate operating as a disinfectant allowing the disposable set to be used for multiple treatments with the same dialysis pumping unit.

A dialysis system includes: (i) a source of water made suitable for a dialysis treatment; (ii) at least one concentrate for mixing with the water from the source; (iii) a dialysis fluid pump; and (iv) a disposable set operable with the dialysis fluid pump and in fluid communication with the source of water and the at least one concentrate, the disposable set including a container having a first end and a second end, the container configured to allow the water and the at least one concentrate pumped by the dialysis fluid pump to enter at the second end and exit from the first end to mix for the dialysis treatment.

A dialysis system comprising: a sorbent cartridge including a zirconium phosphate layer followed by at least one of a urease layer, a zirconium oxide layer, or a carbon layer; a pump in fluid communication sorbent cartridge; and a control unit in operable communication with the pump, wherein the control unit is programmed to cause the pump to pump a dialysis fluid to flow (i) in a first direction through the sorbent cartridge, wherein the zirconium phosphate layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the at least one of the urease layer, zirconium oxide layer or carbon layer and (ii) in a second direction through the sorbent cartridge wherein the at least one of the urease layer, zirconium oxide layer or carbon layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the zirconium phosphate layer.

A fluid handling cassette, such as that useable with an automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) cycler device or other infusion apparatus, may include a generally planar body having at least one pump chamber formed as a depression in a first side of the body and a plurality of flowpaths for a fluid that includes a channel. A patient line port may be arranged for connection to a patient line and be in fluid communication with the at least one pump chamber via at least a first one of said flowpaths, and an optional membrane may be attached to the first side of the body over the at least one pump chamber. In one embodiment, the membrane may have a pump chamber portion with an unstressed shape that generally conforms to the depression of the at least one pump chamber in the body and is arranged to be movable for movement of the fluid in a useable space of the at least one pump chamber. One or more spacers may be provided in the at least one pump chamber to prevent the membrane from contacting an inner wall of the at least one pump chamber. The patient line, a drain line, and/or a heater bag line may be positioned to be separately occludable in relation to one or more solution lines that are connectable to the cassette.

Techniques and apparatuses for access recirculation of a patient during dialysis treatment are described. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus may include at least one memory, and logic coupled to the at least one memory. The logic may be configured to determine a first hemoglobin concentration for a dialysis system, determine a change in an ultrafiltration rate, determine a second hemoglobin concentration modified due to the change in the ultrafiltration rate based on a dialysis system model of the dialysis system, and determine an access recirculation value for the dialysis system. Other embodiments are described.

Systems and methods are provided for performing selective sorbent-based regeneration of dialysate. The systems and method provide for dialysate regeneration to be carried out intermittently throughout a dialysis session, decreasing the necessary amounts of sorbent materials and infusates to conduct dialysis. The system and methods allow for regeneration of dialysate as needed based on the concentration of waste species in the dialysate, allowing for effective treatment with a decreased need for sorbent materials.

Components for a medical infusion fluid handling system, such as an APD system, in which one or more lines (such as solution lines), spikes or other connection ports may be automatically capped and/or de-capped. This feature may provide advantages, such as a reduced likelihood of contamination since no human interaction is required to de-cap and connect the lines, spikes or other connections. For example, a fluid handling cassette may include one or more caps that cover a corresponding spike and include a raised and/or recessed feature to assist in removal of the cap from the cassette. A solution line cap may include a hole and recess, groove or other feature to engage with a spike cap and enable removal of the cap.

Provided herein are an apparatus and method for producing dialysis fluid. The apparatus comprises a draw fluid path, a feed fluid path, and a forward osmosis- (FO-) unit. The FO-unit includes a feed side and a draw side separated by a FO-membrane, the feed side is included in the feed fluid path and the draw side is included in the draw fluid path. The FO-unit is configured to receive a dialysis concentrate fluid at the draw side and to receive spent dialysis fluid at the feed side. Water is transported from the spent dialysis fluid to the dialysis concentrate fluid through the FO-membrane by means of an osmotic pressure difference between the draw side and the feed side, thereby diluting the dialysis concentrate fluid into a diluted dialysis concentrate fluid and dewatering the spent dialysis fluid into a dewatered spent dialysis fluid.

Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed, embodiments of which provide single pass dialysis to remove water and uremic toxins is performed simultaneously with the albumin dialysis therapy by passing the albumin solution through a dialysis filter which dialyses it before the solution is returned to the cycler. In embodiments, the single pass dialysis stage is upstream of the albumin filtering stage.