An apparatus is provided for outputting sound. The apparatus includes a vibration member including an internal space and a vibration device configured to vibrate the vibration member. The apparatus may enhance a sound characteristic of a low-pitched sound band as well as a high-pitched sound band. Further, the apparatus may provide a wide pitched sound band and improve a flatness of a sound pressure level.

An apparatus may include a vibration member having a plane portion and a round portion extended to be rounded from the plane portion, and a vibration device connected to the vibration member. The apparatus may improve sound characteristics and/or sound pressure characteristics. Further, the apparatus may output sound in various directions.

A microphone 10 that comprises a transducer 12 and a closed cell foam body 18, 20 positioned between the transducer 12 and an opening 25 fashioned for receiving ambient sound. The microphone 10 is protected from external factors without exhibiting substantial sound transmission loss while using few parts. Good voice transmission, wind buffeting mitigation, and environmental protection can be achieved with a single material.

The present disclosure relates to a vibration generation device, a display apparatus including the vibration generation device, and a vehicle including the vibration generation device. A vibration generation device includes a piezoelectric ceramic part having a certain interval, a piezoelectric material layer between the piezoelectric ceramic parts, and an electrode part configured to provide electric field to one or more of the piezoelectric ceramic part and the piezoelectric material layer.

In accordance with an embodiment, a microelectromechanical transducer includes a displaceable membrane having an undulated section comprising at least one undulation trough and at least one undulation peak and a plurality of piezoelectric unit cells. At least one piezoelectric unit cell is provided in each case in at least one undulation trough and at least one undulation peak, where each piezoelectric unit cell has a piezoelectric layer and at least one electrode in electrical contact with the piezoelectric layer. The membrane may be formed as a planar component having a substantially larger extent in a first and a second spatial direction, which are orthogonal to one another, than in a third spatial direction, which is orthogonal to the first and the second spatial direction and defines an axial direction of the membrane.

A sound generator and sound generation system including the sound generator includes a piezoelectric element of a stack type having a multilayer structure. The piezoelectric element stretches and contracts along a stacking direction generates vibration according to a sound signal. An object, different from the sound generator and from a human body, generates a sound using the vibration and acts as a speaker while in contact with the sound generator.

According to one aspect, there is provided a speaker comprising a body, a surface structure rigidly attached to the body, electro-magnetic deformable plate elements attached to the rigid planar surface structure and configured to bend, when driven with voltage or current source, the surface structure, and electro-magnetic deformable plate element specific band-pass filter for at least one electro-magnetic deformable plate element of the electro-magnetic deformable plate elements, the band-pass filter having at least one electro-magnetic deformable plate element specific pass band.

Provided are an electroacoustic transduction film in which conversion between a vibration and a voltage is able to be appropriately performed without the occurrence of dielectric breakdown of the air between upper and lower thin film electrodes even when a high voltage is applied therebetween, a user is able to be prevented from coming into contact with a piezoelectric layer, and high productivity is achieved, and a manufacturing method of an electroacoustic transduction film. A piezoelectric layer which stretches and contracts in response to a state of an electric field, an upper thin film electrode formed on one principal surface of the piezoelectric layer, a lower thin film electrode formed on the other principal surface of the piezoelectric layer, an upper protective layer formed on the upper thin film electrode, and a lower protective layer formed on the lower thin film electrode are included, and a groove which penetrates the thin film electrode and the protective layer is formed in at least a portion of an outer peripheral portion in a surface direction of at least one of the upper thin film electrode and the upper protective layer, or the lower thin film electrode and the lower protective layer.

A sound generator and sound generation system including the sound generator includes a piezoelectric element of a stack type having a multilayer structure. The piezoelectric element stretches and contracts along a stacking direction generates vibration according to a sound signal. An object, different from the sound generator and from a human body, generates a sound using the vibration and acts as a speaker while in contact with the sound generator.

A medical device prosthesis, including a housing and a piezoelectric transducer including a piezoelectric component, wherein the piezoelectric transducer is supported in the housing via at least one spring. In some embodiments, the medical device prosthesis is a bone conduction device, such as a transcutaneous passive or active bone conduction device.