A method of performing a dialysis treatment includes using a pump and a dialysate supply line to transport peritoneal dialysis fluid, the supply line having a proximal end into which peritoneal dialysis fluid is supplied and from which spend dialysate is withdrawn, and a distal end which is connected to a patient's peritoneal access. The method further includes generating proximal and distal pressure signals using pressure detectors located at both the proximal and distal ends, respectively, of said supply line. During a drain cycle in which spent dialysate is pumped from the patient, the method includes, responsively to the proximal and distal pressure signals, detecting a characteristic of a pressure difference between the distal and proximal ends whose magnitude is determined by a predicted change in dialysate properties, and responsively to the characteristic, generating a signal indicating the change in dialysate properties.

An apparatus peritoneal dialysis (1) comprising an automated peritoneal dialysis cycler (3) programmed to run a treatment session including a plurality of cycles, each cycle including a fill phase, a dwell phase and a drain phase of a peritoneal cavity of a patient (P), the treatment session lasting at most 720 min; the cycler (3) has a patient line (54) in communication with the patient (P), a source (S) of treatment fluid which includes an osmotic agent, a pump (5) to circulate the treatment fluid and a control system (74) configured to drive the cycler (3) to deliver the treatment session. The control system (74) is programmed to run a fill phase of a first cycle delivering a first treatment fluid to the patient, the first treatment fluid having a first concentration of the osmotic agent; subsequently to the first cycle, to run a fill phase of a second cycle delivering a second treatment fluid to the patient, the second treatment fluid having a second concentration of the osmotic agent different from the concentration of the first treatment fluid; subsequently to the second cycle, to run a fill phase of a third cycle delivering a third treatment fluid to the patient, the third treatment fluid having a third concentration of the osmotic agent different from the concentration of the second treatment fluid. The second concentration of the osmotic agent is lower than the first concentration of the osmotic agent and the third concentration of osmotic agent is higher than the second concentration of osmotic agent.

An apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis includes a housing; a peritoneal dialysis supply bag supported by and/or located above the housing; a first valve for controlling gravity flow of fresh peritoneal dialysis fluid from the supply bag to a patient; a second valve for controlling gravity flow of used peritoneal dialysis fluid from the patient to a drain; and a pressure sensor positioned and arranged with respect to the gravity flow of fresh peritoneal dialysis fluid or the gravity flow of used peritoneal dialysis fluid to provide a reading used to evaluate a head height pressure.

A dialysis method includes: receiving at least one of blood pressure data from a blood pressure monitor or patient weight data from a weight scale at a dialysis machine at least one of (i) before or (ii) after each treatment performed by the dialysis machine; generating ultrafiltration (UF) removed data over a treatment performed by the dialysis machine; sending the UF removed data and at least one of the blood pressure data or the patient weight data to a server; determining at least one of a UF trend, a blood pressure trend or a patient weight trend from the UF removed data, the blood pressure data or the patient weight data, respectively; and displaying at least one of the UF trend, the blood pressure trend or the patient weight trend so that a therapy adjustment can be made if necessary.

An example peritoneal dialysis system is disclosed. The example peritoneal dialysis system includes at least one pump and a memory device configured to store therapy prescriptions including a first ultrafiltration (UF) therapy prescription for removing ultrafiltrate from a patient, and a second UF therapy prescription for removing less ultrafiltrate from the patient compared to the first UF therapy prescription. The system further includes a logic implementer configured to receive UF removed data, use the UF removed data to form or update a moving average UF removed trend, and compare the moving average UF removed trend to an expected UF removal trend or an expected UF removal minimum value. When the moving average UF removed trend is below the expected UF removal trend or the expected UF removal minimum value, the logic implementer provides a recommendation that the first UF therapy prescription should be selected for a next peritoneal dialysis treatment.

A dialysis system having motor driven pressure estimation of fluid within a patient line is disclosed. A peritoneal dialysis (PD) system includes a fluid pump and a patient line that fluidly couples the fluid pump to an indwelling catheter leading into a patient's peritoneal cavity. The PD system also includes a motor driver that controls a motor of the fluid pump and transmits an output signal that is indicative of a load on the motor. The PD system further includes a machine learning algorithm that associates data related to output signals from motor drivers with known fluid pressures within patient lines. A processor of the PD system transmits an input signal to activate the motor driver, receives the output signal from the motor driver, and estimates a fluid pressure within the patient line by applying the data from the received output signal to the machine learning algorithm.

An example renal therapy system includes a blood pressure monitor configured to output blood pressure data concerning a patient and a renal therapy machine communicatively coupled to the blood pressure monitor. The renal therapy machine is configured to generate ultrafiltration (UF) removed data from a prescribed renal therapy treatment performed by the renal therapy machine on the patient, and transmit the UF removed data and the blood pressure data via a network. At least one of a UF trend or a blood pressure trend from the UF removed data or the blood pressure data is determined, enabling a further determination as to at least one of (a) whether a prescribed renal therapy treatment adjustment or a new prescribed renal therapy treatment needs to be made, (b) whether the patient is complying with the prescribed renal therapy treatment, or (c) whether a condition related to an alarm or an alert exists.

An example dialysis system includes a dialysis machine and a receiver coded with at least one of an address or a personal identification number (PIN). The dialysis machine is configured to perform a prescribed dialysis treatment on a patient, generate ultrafiltration (UF) removed data over the prescribed dialysis treatment performed by the dialysis machine, and transmit the UF removed data. The example receiver is configured to receive sensor data from a sensor attached to the patient. The at least one coded address or PIN ensures that the sensor data is received by the receiver as opposed to another receiver.

A fluid handling cassette, such as that useable with an automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) cycler device or other infusion apparatus, may include a generally planar body having at least one pump chamber formed as a depression in a first side of the body and a plurality of flowpaths for a fluid that includes a channel. A patient line port may be arranged for connection to a patient line and be in fluid communication with the at least one pump chamber via at least a first one of said flowpaths, and an optional membrane may be attached to the first side of the body over the at least one pump chamber. In one embodiment, the membrane may have a pump chamber portion with an unstressed shape that generally conforms to the depression of the at least one pump chamber in the body and is arranged to be movable for movement of the fluid in a useable space of the at least one pump chamber. One or more spacers may be provided in the at least one pump chamber to prevent the membrane from contacting an inner wall of the at least one pump chamber. The patient line, a drain line, and/or a heater bag line may be positioned to be separately occludable in relation to one or more solution lines that are connectable to the cassette.

Components for a medical infusion fluid handling system, such as an APD system, in which one or more lines (such as solution lines), spikes or other connection ports may be automatically capped and/or de-capped. This feature may provide advantages, such as a reduced likelihood of contamination since no human interaction is required to de-cap and connect the lines, spikes or other connections. For example, a fluid handling cassette may include one or more caps that cover a corresponding spike and include a raised and/or recessed feature to assist in removal of the cap from the cassette. A solution line cap may include a hole and recess, groove or other feature to engage with a spike cap and enable removal of the cap.