A fluid pumping system may comprise a pump and a fluid line state detector having, a receptacle, at sensor, and an illuminator. The system may further comprise a fluid transfer set including an output line for mating into the receptacle. The system may further comprise a controller in data communication with the fluid line state detector configured to power the illuminator and monitor an output signal of the sensor when the outlet line is in the receptacle to determine a dry tube light intensity value. The controller may be further configured to govern operation of the pump to prime the output line with fluid. The controller may be further configured to power the illuminator, monitor the output signal, and halt operation of the pump when the output signal indicates the light intensity value has dropped below a primed line threshold which is dependent upon the dry tube intensity value.

A fluid handling cassette, such as that useable with an automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) cycler device or other infusion apparatus, may include a generally planar body having at least one pump chamber formed as a depression in a first side of the body and a plurality of flowpaths for a fluid that includes a channel. A patient line port may be arranged for connection to a patient line and be in fluid communication with the at least one pump chamber via at least a first one of said flowpaths, and an optional membrane may be attached to the first side of the body over the at least one pump chamber. In one embodiment, the membrane may have a pump chamber portion with an unstressed shape that generally conforms to the depression of the at least one pump chamber in the body and is arranged to be movable for movement of the fluid in a useable space of the at least one pump chamber. One or more spacers may be provided in the at least one pump chamber to prevent the membrane from contacting an inner wall of the at least one pump chamber. The patient line, a drain line, and/or a heater bag line may be positioned to be separately occludable in relation to one or more solution lines that are connectable to the cassette.

A dialysis method to enable a patient to undergo both peritoneal dialysis and extracorporeal blood treatments is disclosed. The method includes determining, via a base unit controller, whether a peritoneal dialysis treatment or an extracorporeal blood treatment is to be performed. If the peritoneal dialysis treatment is to be performed, the method includes operating first software instructions that cause a base unit to use a first fluid stored in a fluid container. If the extracorporeal blood treatment is to be performed, the method includes operating second software instructions that cause the base unit to use a second, different fluid from an online source and selectively move the second, different fluid to a blood treatment unit for use in the extracorporeal blood treatment. The blood treatment unit is operable with the base unit to perform the extracorporeal blood treatment on a patient.

A system and method for monitoring the health of dialysis patients with Raman spectroscopy measurements of one or more target analytes is described. The methods include irradiating one or more fluids of interest with light to produce one or more spectrum and detecting the spectrum with a detector. The fluids of interest are preferably those related to dialysis, including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In a preferred embodiment, the fluids are irradiated with monochromatic light, and one or more Raman spectra are detected as a result of the irradiation. The fluids may be irradiated within the dialysis tubing itself, or removed from the dialysis tubing and irradiated in a separate chamber. The Raman spectra of one or more target analytes of a dialysis patient may be followed over time or compared to one or more reference spectra, thereby providing information on the health of dialysis patients.

A renal therapy system is disclosed. In an example, a renal therapy system includes a dialysis fluid pump, a control processor for controlling a treatment performed by the dialysis fluid pump, and a user interface device in operable communication with the control processor.

A method is provided for detecting leaks in a disposable medical fluid cassette that includes a base and a flexible membrane attached to the base in such a way that the base and the flexible membrane cooperate to at least partially form a fluid passageway. The method includes applying a first force to the flexible membrane, measuring a first physical property of a system that includes the medical fluid cassette a medical fluid pumping machine, removing the first force from the flexible membrane, applying a second force to the flexible membrane, measuring a second physical property of the system, and determining whether the medical fluid cassette leaks based on a comparison of the first physical property and the second physical property.

Techniques for monitoring intraperitoneal volume (IPV) during a dwell period of a peritoneal dialysis patient include monitoring intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) during the dwell period using a pressure sensor, monitoring the density of the dialysate during the dwell period, and determining a change in IPV based at least on a change in IPP and a change in the density of the dialysate during the dwell period.

A dialysis system comprising: a dialysis machine; a communication module configured to communicate using a short-range wireless technology protocol; data storage configured to store data corresponding to identities of one or more short-range wireless devices; and a processor configured to: identify presence of a short-range wireless device; and cause the dialysis machine to carry out an action when one or both of i) the presence of the short-range wireless device is identified, and ii) the presence of the short-range wireless device is no longer identified.

A medical treatment machine, such as a dialysis machine (e.g., a home dialysis machine, such as a home hemodialysis machine or a home peritoneal dialysis machine) can receive a digital prescription file that defines parameters of a medical treatment to be administered to a patient. The digital prescription file can be prepared and delivered in such a way that the medical treatment machine can confirm that the issuer (e.g., provider) of the digital prescription file is an authorized issuer without having any a priori knowledge of the particular issuer. The digital prescription file can be delivered irrespective of the inherent security (or lack thereof) of the transmission medium in a tamper-evident format using minimal resources necessary to verify the validity of the digital prescription file and its issuer. The digital prescription file may be delivered to the dialysis machine using a network cloud-based connected health system.

An article configured to warm and monitor a patient during a dialysis treatment, the article includes one or more heating elements. The article also includes one or more sensors configured to monitor a condition of the patient during the dialysis treatment. The article also includes a fabric portion configured to receive the one or more heating elements and the one or more sensors and position the one or more heating elements and the one or more sensors on the patient during treatment. The article also includes a transmitter configured to transmit information from the one or more sensors to a dialysis machine and an electrical connector configured to provide power to at least one of the one or more heating elements and the one or more sensors.