Methods, device, and systems for preparing peritoneal dialysis fluid and/or administering a peritoneal dialysis treatment are disclosed. In embodiments, peritoneal dialysis fluid is prepared at a point of use automatically using a daily sterile disposable fluid circuit and one or more long-term concentrate containers that are changed only after multiple days (e.g. weekly). The daily disposable may have concentrate containers that are initially empty and are filled from the long-term concentrate containers once per day at the beginning of a treatment.

Methods, systems, and kits are provided for performing hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, and peritoneal dialysis on a portable machine suitable for both clinical and home use. Peritoneal dialysate can be flowed into and out of the peritoneal cavity, and can also be regenerated within the system, without the need for introducing fresh dialysate. Common hardware and software can be utilized for both peritoneal dialysis and other forms of dialysis such as hemodialysis, hemofiltration, and hemodiafiltration, allowing for facile transition between different dialysis modes using the same dialysis machine.

A dialysis system includes at least one source of fluid for dialysis, a fluid line in fluid communication with the at least one source of fluid, at least one pump positioned and arranged to pump fluid from the at least one source of fluid through the fluid line, a first patient connector configured to be removably placed in fluid communication with the fluid line to allow a blood treatment to be performed using the at least one source of fluid, and a second patient connector configured to be removably placed in fluid communication with the fluid line to allow a peritoneal dialysis treatment to be performed using the at least one source of fluid.

A method of performing a peritoneal dialysis treatment includes connecting a disposable unit to a source of water, the disposable unit including at least a first container holding a sterile concentrate containing an osmotic agent, a second container holding a sterile concentrate containing electrolytes, an empty sterile mixing container, and a tubing set with a pre-attached peritoneal fill/drain line. The method further includes receiving a prescription command by a controller, indicating at least the fill volume and desired final concentration of the osmotic agent to be used for a current fill cycle under said treatment, and using the controller, pumping a quantity of the concentrated osmotic agent that is at least sufficient to achieve the desired final concentration into the mixing container. The contents of the mixing container are mixed, further diluted or concentrated, and then flowed to a patient.

A peritoneal dialysis system includes: a drain container; a drain line placed in fluid communication with the drain container and configured to be placed in fluid communication with a patient's peritoneal cavity; a vacuum source configured to apply a pneumatic force to cause used dialysis fluid to flow through the drain line from the patient's peritoneal cavity to the drain container; a weight sensor configured to output a weight of used dialysis fluid delivered to the drain container from the patient's peritoneal cavity; and a controller configured to: (i) determine an actual flow rate of used dialysis fluid removed from the patient's peritoneal cavity based on the output from the weight sensor; (ii) compare the actual flow rate to a desired flow rate; and (iii) adjust the pneumatic force applied by the vacuum source to attempt to match the actual flow rate to the optimal flow rate.

A disposable fluid circuit used in a medical device that performs peritoneal dialysis includes a peritoneal dialysis tubing set that has a connection tube with a connector for a peritoneal catheter at a distal end and a connector configured to connect to a peritoneal cycler at a proximal end. The circuit also includes a pressure pod at the distal end, the pressure pod being of the type that has a flow chamber for carrying a liquid and an air chamber separated from the flow chamber by a diaphragm and an air port in fluid communication with the air chamber. The flow chamber is connected in-line with a lumen of the connection tube and a length of tubing runs from the air-port along the length of the connection tube with a connector at the proximal end configured to connect to a pressure transducer.

A medical fluid treatment system includes a source of purified water; at least one concentrate for mixing with the water from the source to form a treatment fluid; a disposable set including a pumping portion, a concentrate line in fluid communication with the concentrate source and the pumping portion, and a patient line in fluid communication with the pumping portion, the patient line including a filter having a membrane configured to filter the treatment fluid, the filter configured such that (i) fresh treatment fluid flowing from the pumping portion towards a patient flows through the membrane and (ii) used treatment fluid flowing through the filter from the patient to the pumping portion bypasses the membrane; and a medical fluid delivery machine including a pump actuator operable with the pumping portion of the disposable set.

A medical treatment system, such as peritoneal dialysis system, may include control and other features to enhance patient comfort and ease of use. For example, a peritoneal dialysis system may include patient line state detector for detecting whether a patient line is primed before it is to be connected to the patient. The patient line state detector can also the ability to detect whether a patient line has been properly mounted for priming. Both patient line presence/absence and fill state can be determined using an optical system, e.g., one that employs a single optical sensor.

A medical infusion fluid handling system, such as an automated peritoneal dialysis system, may be arranged to de-cap and connect one or more lines (such as solution lines) with one or more spikes or other connection ports on a fluid handling cassette. This feature may reduce a likelihood of contamination since no human interaction is required to de-cap and connect the one or more lines and the one or more spikes. For example, the automated peritoneal dialysis system may include a carriage arranged to receive the one or more lines each having a connector end and a cap. The carriage may move along a first direction so as to move the connector ends of the one or more lines along the first direction, and a cap stripper may be arranged to engage with the caps on the solution lines on the carriage. The cap stripper may move in a second direction transverse to the first direction, as well as to move with the carriage along the first direction.

A peritoneal dialysis (PD) system includes a housing; a PD fluid pump housed by the housing; a filter set including a filter housing and a hydrophilic filter membrane dividing an upstream chamber from a downstream chamber; a dual lumen patient line including a fresh PD fluid lumen in fluid communication with the upstream chamber and a used PD fluid lumen in fluid communication with the downstream chamber; a pressure sensor positioned and arranged to provide a pressure sensor output indicative of pressure in the downstream chamber of the filter housing; and a control unit configured to perform a pressure integrity test on the hydrophilic filter membrane by monitoring the pressure sensor output over a period of time, the pressure sensor output indicative of a negative pressure created in the downstream chamber by the PD fluid pump. A pressure drop test for evaluating the filter membrane is also disclosed.