A blood purification apparatus employing a single-needle double-pump method and being capable of automatically discharging a priming solution that has undergone substitution from a blood circuit during blood removal. A blood purification apparatus includes a blood circuit to which an only puncture needle is connectable, a dialyzer that purifies blood flowing in the blood circuit, a first blood pump, a second blood pump, and a control device that allows the blood of a patient to be extracorporeally circulated through the blood circuit by causing the first blood pump and the second blood pump to alternately undergo normal rotation. During blood removal, the control device operates to substitute a priming solution in the blood circuit with the blood of the patient and to discharge the priming solution having undergone the substitution from the blood circuit by causing the first blood pump to undergo normal rotation and the second blood pump to undergo reverse rotation.

A portable adapter is provided that can include a closure system configured to control the flow of blood and/or dialysate between the adapter and a blood treatment apparatus. Modular systems are also provided that include the portable adapter engaged with various units such as a portable blood processing module, a non-portable base module, and/or a remote module. Methods of conducting blood treatments such as blood circulation, hemodialysis, and hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, using the modular systems are also provided. The systems, units, and methods enable the engagement and disengagement of the adapter from the various units to conduct, interrupt, and resume blood treatments without disconnecting the adapter from the vasculature of a patient. Modular systems including interchangeable portable and base modules configured for various blood treatments are also provided that can be engaged and disengaged with each other without disconnecting the portable module from the vasculature of a patient.

A portable adapter is provided that can include a closure system configured to control the flow of blood and/or dialysate between the adapter and a blood treatment apparatus. Modular systems are also provided that include the portable adapter engaged with various units such as a portable blood processing module, a non-portable base module, and/or a remote module. Methods of conducting blood treatments such as blood circulation, hemodialysis, and hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, using the modular systems are also provided. The systems, units, and methods enable the engagement and disengagement of the adapter from the various units to conduct, interrupt, and resume blood treatments without disconnecting the adapter from the vasculature of a patient. Modular systems including interchangeable portable and base modules configured for various blood treatments are also provided that can be engaged and disengaged with each other without disconnecting the portable module from the vasculature of a patient.

A blood treatment cassette having a cassette body comprising a hard part and a film that at least partially covers the hard part. The hard part comprises a valve base that cooperates with a section of the film adjacent the valve base to form a valve that is configured to be moved from a first open position in which the valve base and the section of the film do not touch each other to a second position in which the valve base and the section of the film touch each other when a force is applied to the section of the film. The blood treatment cassette comprises a spacer supported by the hard part, and the spacer is configured to apply, in the first position of the valve, force to the section of the film.

An implantable or wearable kidney enclosure that is cylindrical, ovoid, or otherwise non-angular e.g., not rectangular or cuboid), having a circular or oval hemofilter that provides a blood flow pattern from an internal, central artery source radially outwards. Due to the efficient flow of the circular filter design, the enclosure can be made in a cylindrical low profile shape, resulting in a compact enclosure highly suitable for implantable and wearable dialysis applications.

An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus is provided comprising a filtration unit (2) connected to a blood circuit (17) and to a dialysate circuit (32), a preparation device (9) for preparing and regulating the composition of the dialysis fluid; a control unit (12) is configured for receiving a conductivity or sodium concentration set point for the dialysis fluid and for calculating a mass transport of a substance at an instant t of a treatment session based on said set value of the parameter for the dialysis fluid in the dialysis supply line (8).

The present disclosure relates to a blood hose set, or to an extracorporeal blood circuit, for a single-needle treatment. In some embodiments, the set includes: a patient hose line and a Y-shaped connector or three-way connecter, which is connected to the patient hose line. In some embodiments, the blood hose set does not include any single-needle chamber in a blood path or on a blood side, nor is it connected to any single-needle chamber provided in a blood path or on a blood side. The present disclosure further relates to a control device or closed-loop control device, a blood treatment apparatus, a method for the single-needle treatment, a digital storage medium, a computer program product and a computer program.

An operation checking unit for a dialysis apparatus (such as a hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis machine) is disclosed which comprises an identification unit which is configured to detect a user identity of a user. The operation checking unit also comprises a sensor unit which is configured to detect an operating action of the identified user as an ACTUAL-operation data set, and a processing unit which is configured to compare the detected ACTUAL-operation data set with a DESIRED-operation data set stored in a memory in order to generate a user-specific message in the event of a discrepancy.

A needle system and methods for using the needle system are described. The needle system is generally intended for medical use and can be used when performing a dialysis on a patient, for example, hemodialysis. In general, the needle system can address problems that commonly arise when using conventional single or double needle systems during hemodialysis.

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations. Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into first and second compartments.