Disclosed are methods and systems for a body-fluid (e.g., blood) treatment. The methods and systems include (a) conveying a volume of body-fluid (e.g., blood) via a first conduit from a vascular access of a patient to a blood chamber at a first flow rate, the first conduit having only a single lumen; (b) conveying the body-fluid (e.g., blood) from the blood chamber through a filtration device at a second flow rate to perform an extracorporeal treatment on the blood and returning the treated blood to the blood chamber; and (c) returning the body-fluid (e.g., blood) from the blood chamber to the vascular access of the patient at a third flow rate via the first conduit, wherein the second flow rate is decoupled from both the first and third flow rates.

Systems and methods for dialysis cannulation including an apparatus that includes or a method involving, structure configured for placing a needle or cannula to provide vascular access. In one approach, a self-cannulation system is provided for hemodialysis. In one aspect, the system guides movement of the needle through an acceptable access path and prevents movement of the needle through non-acceptable paths or insertion of the needle beyond a defined terminal point.

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations. Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into first and second compartments.

Disclosed are systems for a body-fluid (e.g., blood) treatment. A blood treatment system comprises a reservoir for holding a batch of blood from a patient; a first conduit for conveying blood from a vascular access of the patient during a first stage and for returning treated blood to the vascular access during a third stage, the first conduit having only a single lumen; a filter for performing extracorporeal treatment on blood passing therethrough by removing waste molecules and/or fluid; a recirculating blood processing loop connecting the reservoir to the filter; a first blood pump for conveying blood in the recirculating blood processing loop; and a controller configured to control the first blood pump to repeatedly recirculate blood from the reservoir through the filter during a second stage between the first and third stages.

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations. Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into first and second compartments.

The present subject matter relates to systems and methods for syringe-free blood return in a dialysis machine blood circuit. A three-way connector can include a first inlet configured to be connected to a patient arterial access line, a second inlet connected to a substitution fluid line, and an outlet connected to a machine arterial line. In this arrangement, the three-way connector is configured to selectively allow a flow of substitution fluid from the substitution line into the machine arterial line and/or into the patient arterial access line without changing the connections of tubing within the circuit.

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysate preparation may be decoupled from patient dialysis. Circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuit fluid flow paths may be isolated from electrical components. A gas supply in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer able to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and urge blood back to the patient may be included for certain emergency situations. Fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, and mixers that can be actuated using a control fluid may be included. Control fluid may be delivered by an external pump or other device, which may be detachable and/or generally rigid, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into first and second compartments.