According to at least one example embodiment, hub breakout roaming enables providing data access to a user network device, subscribed with a home network and roaming into a visited network, by a hub breakout system through the visited network. Upon receiving a request for data access from the visited network, the hub breakout system assigns an IP address to the user network device. The hub breakout system then routes data packets, associated with the data access requested by the user network device, to and from at least one corresponding data source, using the assigned IP address. The data source includes the Internet, a private network associated with home network, or any other service provider entity.

According to at least one example embodiment, hub breakout roaming enables providing data access to a user network device, subscribed with a home network and roaming into a visited network, by a hub breakout system through the visited network. Upon receiving a request for data access from the visited network, the hub breakout system assigns an IP address to the user network device. The hub breakout system then routes data packets, associated with the data access requested by the user network device, to and from at least one corresponding data source, using the assigned IP address. The data source includes the Internet, a private network associated with home network, or any other service provider entity.

Communication systems may benefit from a naming, traffic re-routing scheme based on application-layer traffic optimization services. A method may include sending a registration request to a first network element from at least two UE and receiving a registration response from the first network element to the at least two UE. The method may include sending an application registration to a second network element from the at least two UE and receiving an application list notification from the second network element to the at least two UE. The method may include exchanging an application-level message between the at least two UE. The method may include sending a request to anchor the at least two UE traffic to a third network element and receiving a unique identifier generated from the first network element to the at least two UE. The method may include exchanging application signaling and data between the at least two UE.

Communication systems may benefit from a naming, traffic re-routing scheme based on application-layer traffic optimization services. A method may include sending a registration request to a first network element from at least two UE and receiving a registration response from the first network element to the at least two UE. The method may include sending an application registration to a second network element from the at least two UE and receiving an application list notification from the second network element to the at least two UE. The method may include exchanging an application-level message between the at least two UE. The method may include sending a request to anchor the at least two UE traffic to a third network element and receiving a unique identifier generated from the first network element to the at least two UE. The method may include exchanging application signaling and data between the at least two UE.

A system for publishing digital content is described which, in one embodiment, includes a beacon device associated with a first user configured to transmit identification information and information indicating its current position. A browsing device includes a display configured and adapted to display to a second user a representation of a local geographical area, and to selectively display to the second user content information associated with the first user, based at least in part on whether the location of the beacon device is within the local geographical area.

A system for publishing digital content is described which, in one embodiment, includes a beacon device associated with a first user configured to transmit identification information and information indicating its current position. A browsing device includes a display configured and adapted to display to a second user a representation of a local geographical area, and to selectively display to the second user content information associated with the first user, based at least in part on whether the location of the beacon device is within the local geographical area.

An infrastructure equipment as part of a mobile communications network receives an indication that data is to be transmitted to one of communications devices. In response the infrastructure equipment transmits a first paging message to the communications device to indicate the communications device is to receive the data via a wireless access interface. If a response to the transmitted first paging message is not received within a predetermined time, then if the infrastructure equipment can use a power boosting mode, to transmit the first paging message with a boosted power, or if the infrastructure equipment cannot use a power boosted mode for transmitting, to transmit a second paging message to one or more communications apparatus which can operate as a relay node for the communications device. The second paging message identifies the relay node and the communications device for which the infrastructure equipment is to transmit the data.

An infrastructure equipment as part of a mobile communications network receives an indication that data is to be transmitted to one of communications devices. In response the infrastructure equipment transmits a first paging message to the communications device to indicate the communications device is to receive the data via a wireless access interface. If a response to the transmitted first paging message is not received within a predetermined time, then if the infrastructure equipment can use a power boosting mode, to transmit the first paging message with a boosted power, or if the infrastructure equipment cannot use a power boosted mode for transmitting, to transmit a second paging message to one or more communications apparatus which can operate as a relay node for the communications device. The second paging message identifies the relay node and the communications device for which the infrastructure equipment is to transmit the data.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for determining gateway information. A first device obtains first information of user equipment, where the first information of the user equipment is used to indicate an area in which the user equipment subscribes to a service, and the first device determines gateway information corresponding to a first domain name, where the first domain name includes the first information of the user equipment. The first domain name includes the first information of the user equipment, and the first information is used to indicate the area in which the user equipment subscribes to the service. Compared with a method in which a number segment is used to generate a domain name, this reduces a quantity of domain names that need to be configured and maintained, and reduces maintenance costs of an operator.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for determining gateway information. A first device obtains first information of user equipment, where the first information of the user equipment is used to indicate an area in which the user equipment subscribes to a service, and the first device determines gateway information corresponding to a first domain name, where the first domain name includes the first information of the user equipment. The first domain name includes the first information of the user equipment, and the first information is used to indicate the area in which the user equipment subscribes to the service. Compared with a method in which a number segment is used to generate a domain name, this reduces a quantity of domain names that need to be configured and maintained, and reduces maintenance costs of an operator.