Methods and apparatus are provided for controlling Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) selection in a wireless communication system. Information on a limitation of managed objects, indicating whether to allow reception of a WLAN selection policy from a roaming network, is received. It is determined whether a User Equipment (UE) exists in the roaming network. It is determined whether to receive the WLAN selection policy from the roaming network based on the information on the limitation of the managed objects, when the UE exists in the roaming network. The WLAN selection policy is received from the roaming network, when it is determined that the WLAN selection policy is to be received from the roaming network. A WLAN is selected according to a policy set for the UE, when it is determined that the WLAN selection policy is not to be received from the roaming network.

Methods and apparatus are provided for controlling Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) selection in a wireless communication system. Information on a limitation of managed objects, indicating whether to allow reception of a WLAN selection policy from a roaming network, is received. It is determined whether a User Equipment (UE) exists in the roaming network. It is determined whether to receive the WLAN selection policy from the roaming network based on the information on the limitation of the managed objects, when the UE exists in the roaming network. The WLAN selection policy is received from the roaming network, when it is determined that the WLAN selection policy is to be received from the roaming network. A WLAN is selected according to a policy set for the UE, when it is determined that the WLAN selection policy is not to be received from the roaming network.

Methods and systems for providing alternate SMS/MMS traffic to a user using alternate wireless and network service. Aspects of the disclosed systems and methods allow existing wireless customers to continue using their normal wireless phone and phone number for SMS/MMS traffic while still easily avoiding large roaming and texting charges, all while nearly transparently maintaining the full range of normal wireless voice, text, and SMS/MMS services.

A method for implementing networking of an access network includes: implementing networking of small cells within a range covered by a macro coverage cell to form a distributed cell when number of the small cells within the range covered by the macro coverage cell reaches a threshold; and communicating the small cells in the distributed cell with neighboring cells or core network CN through the macro coverage cell in the distributed cell, where the neighboring cells include another distributed cell, a conventional cell.

A method for implementing networking of an access network includes: implementing networking of small cells within a range covered by a macro coverage cell to form a distributed cell when number of the small cells within the range covered by the macro coverage cell reaches a threshold; and communicating the small cells in the distributed cell with neighboring cells or core network CN through the macro coverage cell in the distributed cell, where the neighboring cells include another distributed cell, a conventional cell.

A method and an apparatus for determining a roaming status of a terminal, a terminal, and a server, which relate to the roaming communications field, and can improve accuracy in determining the roaming status of the terminal. The method includes obtaining, by a terminal, a mobile country code (MCC) and a mobile network code (MNC) that are corresponding to a subscriber identity module (SIM) card in the terminal, and an MCC and an MNC that are corresponding to a terminal network currently accessed by the terminal; determining, by the terminal, a roaming status of the terminal according to the MCC and the MNC that are corresponding to the SIM card, the MCC and the MNC that are corresponding to the terminal network, and a correspondence between a country code, an MCC, an MNC, and an operator.

A method and an apparatus for determining a roaming status of a terminal, a terminal, and a server, which relate to the roaming communications field, and can improve accuracy in determining the roaming status of the terminal. The method includes obtaining, by a terminal, a mobile country code (MCC) and a mobile network code (MNC) that are corresponding to a subscriber identity module (SIM) card in the terminal, and an MCC and an MNC that are corresponding to a terminal network currently accessed by the terminal; determining, by the terminal, a roaming status of the terminal according to the MCC and the MNC that are corresponding to the SIM card, the MCC and the MNC that are corresponding to the terminal network, and a correspondence between a country code, an MCC, an MNC, and an operator.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) user equipment (UE) may perform a registration procedure with a UAV service supplier (USS) device via a network connection to register with the USS device. The UAV UE may perform a registration procedure with a core network device to register with a network associated with the core network device based at least in part on performing the registration procedure with the USS device. The UAV UE may receive, from the core network device, an indication to perform an authentication and authorization procedure only after performing the registration procedure with the USS device and after performing the registration procedure with the core network device. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) user equipment (UE) may perform a registration procedure with a UAV service supplier (USS) device via a network connection to register with the USS device. The UAV UE may perform a registration procedure with a core network device to register with a network associated with the core network device based at least in part on performing the registration procedure with the USS device. The UAV UE may receive, from the core network device, an indication to perform an authentication and authorization procedure only after performing the registration procedure with the USS device and after performing the registration procedure with the core network device. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Device-side, translator functions may be authenticated by elements of a 5G core network before communications involving such functions are allowed to occur, or continue to occur.