Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described for extending a network through the use of access nodes. The access nodes may receive packets from user devices via wireless networks. The packets may be routed to a remote server for further network access. The access nodes may communicate with the user devices using network addresses associated with the wireless networks.

Apparatus, and an associated method, by which to permit selection by a user of a mobile node of with which cellular communication system network that the mobile node shall communicate by way of an interworking wireless local area network. User selection is provided even when the interworking wireless local area network is directly connected to the home network of the mobile node. A determiner determines whether the interworking wireless local area network is directly connected to the home network. And, responsive to the determinations, an identifier identifies the cellular communication system network associated with the interworking wireless local area network.

Apparatus, and an associated method, by which to permit selection by a user of a mobile node of with which cellular communication system network that the mobile node shall communicate by way of an interworking wireless local area network. User selection is provided even when the interworking wireless local area network is directly connected to the home network of the mobile node. A determiner determines whether the interworking wireless local area network is directly connected to the home network. And, responsive to the determinations, an identifier identifies the cellular communication system network associated with the interworking wireless local area network.

Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for dynamically updating routing identifiers (IDs) are provided. One method may include deciding, at a network node, to update a routing identifier for at least one user equipment. The method may then include obtaining or generating a new routing identifier to be assigned to the at least one user equipment along with authentication vectors, and transmitting the new routing identifier to an authentication entity.

A wireless device determines a Basic Service Set (BSS) associated with a wireless transmitter by receiving a first frame, determining an address of the first frame, receiving a second frame, and determining, using the address of the first frame, a property of the second frame. Determining the property of the second frame may include determining whether the second frame is intra-BSS frame or an inter-BSS frame. Determining the property of the second frame may be performed by comparing an address of the second frame with the address of the first frame, and the second frame determined to be an intra-BSS frame when the address of the first frame matches the address of the second frame, and determined to be an inter-BSS frame otherwise. The address of the first frame may be a transmitter address (TA).

A wireless device determines a Basic Service Set (BSS) associated with a wireless transmitter by receiving a first frame, determining an address of the first frame, receiving a second frame, and determining, using the address of the first frame, a property of the second frame. Determining the property of the second frame may include determining whether the second frame is intra-BSS frame or an inter-BSS frame. Determining the property of the second frame may be performed by comparing an address of the second frame with the address of the first frame, and the second frame determined to be an intra-BSS frame when the address of the first frame matches the address of the second frame, and determined to be an inter-BSS frame otherwise. The address of the first frame may be a transmitter address (TA).

A computer-implemented method includes receiving, from an application framework, a set of tasks, a throughput requirement for each task of the set of tasks, and a set of active connections for a radio network comprising a Wi-Fi radio and a Zigbee radio. The computer-implemented method also includes determining, using the set of tasks, the throughput requirement for each task of the set of tasks, and the set of active connections, a target Wi-Fi radio duty cycle and setting the Wi-Fi radio to operate at the target Wi-Fi radio duty cycle. The computer-implemented method further includes monitoring, using a monitoring unit, air time statistics associated with the Wi-Fi radio, determining, using the air time statistics, a measured Wi-Fi duty cycle, and adjusting Wi-Fi radio settings to decrease a difference between the target Wi-Fi duty cycle and the measured Wi-Fi duty cycle.

In some implementations, a first network device may receive an authorization request associated with a user device connecting to a network associated with first network device. The first network device may redirect the authorization request toward a second network device associated with a second service provider. The first network device may determine, based on a response to the authorization request, that the user device is subscribed to a service provided by the second service provider and that the user device is not authorized to connect to the network. The first network device may provide a temporary service to the user device to enable the user device to connect to the network for a limited period based on the user device being subscribed to the service provided by the second service provider and the user device not being authorized to connect to the network.

In some implementations, a first network device may receive an authorization request associated with a user device connecting to a network associated with first network device. The first network device may redirect the authorization request toward a second network device associated with a second service provider. The first network device may determine, based on a response to the authorization request, that the user device is subscribed to a service provided by the second service provider and that the user device is not authorized to connect to the network. The first network device may provide a temporary service to the user device to enable the user device to connect to the network for a limited period based on the user device being subscribed to the service provided by the second service provider and the user device not being authorized to connect to the network.

Presented herein are techniques associated with replicating an OpenRoaming™ policy federation in a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network environment. For example, techniques herein provide a roaming policy federation architecture for a 3GPP network environment. In one example a method is provided that may include encoding at least one multi-bit roaming policy for an identity provider and a plurality of bit-wise combinatorial permutations of the at least one multi-bit roaming policy within each of a plurality of multi-bit 3GPP broadcast identifiers, wherein the at least one multi-bit roaming policy includes bit-wise roaming policy information for the identity provider and configuring the multi-bit 3GPP broadcast identifiers for a mobile device associated with the identity provider, wherein the multi-bit 3GPP broadcast identifiers indicate that the mobile device is to connect to a visited radio access network associated with a local Internet Protocol (IP) access service or a home routed access service.