[Object] Effectively perform data communication [Solving Means] A communication device includes: a LINK that generates a first output signal on a basis of a first external signal from a first external device, outputs the first output signal to a second external device, generates a second output signal on a basis of a second external signal from the second external device, and outputs the second output signal to the first external device, in which each of the first output signal and the second external signal includes command information indicating content of a command transmitted from the first external device, final-destination-device-identification-information for identifying a final destination device of data transmitted from the first external device, internal address information indicating an internal address of the final destination device, data length information indicating a length of the data transmitted from the first external device, and data-end-position-information indicating an end position of the data transmitted from the first external device.

In some embodiments, a method includes: generating, by a session controlling Internet platform, a personalized Universal Resource Locator link (PURL), including: where the PURL is: communicatively coupled to the permission controlling schema and configured to be utilized to establish a peer-to-peer communication session between a sender computing device and a recipient computing device; where the PURL includes: a domain name associated with the session controlling Internet platform hosting a permission controlling schema, and at least one first identity linked to the recipient computing device; transmitting, by the session controlling Internet platform, the PURL to the recipient computing device; receiving, by the session controlling Internet platform, after the transmitting the PURL to the recipient computing device, a mobile originating communication, having data including: a multi-part multi-functional address signaling sequence, including: a MICRO band part, corresponding to a MICRO band parameter and a MACRO band part.

In some embodiments, a method includes: generating, by a session controlling Internet platform, a personalized Universal Resource Locator link (PURL), including: where the PURL is: communicatively coupled to the permission controlling schema and configured to be utilized to establish a peer-to-peer communication session between a sender computing device and a recipient computing device; where the PURL includes: a domain name associated with the session controlling Internet platform hosting a permission controlling schema, and at least one first identity linked to the recipient computing device; transmitting, by the session controlling Internet platform, the PURL to the recipient computing device; receiving, by the session controlling Internet platform, after the transmitting the PURL to the recipient computing device, a mobile originating communication, having data including: a multi-part multi-functional address signaling sequence, including: a MICRO band part, corresponding to a MICRO band parameter and a MACRO band part.

A method for an interconnection functionality between a first mobile communication network and a second mobile communication network includes: associating or assigning private identifier information to specific public land mobile network (PLMN) identifier information related to the second mobile communication network; and in respect of signalling messages and/or data traffic packets that are to be routed or to be addressed or to be processed, providing for or supporting, by a network identifier and number translating functionality, a replacement and/or a translation, in both directions, between the private identifier information and the specific PLMN identifier information related to the second mobile communication network.

Methods, devices, and system related to wireless communications are disclosed. In one example aspect, a method for wireless communications includes receiving, by a network node in a communication network, a packet associated with a call that has been initiated for a user device, and determining, by the network node, location information carried in a header of the packet. The method also includes determining, by the network node using a mapping between location information and Major Trading Are (MTA) values, a MTA value corresponding to the location information carried in the header, and routing, by the network node based on the MTA value, the packet using a routing path that bypasses a circuit-switched based network.

Methods, devices, and system related to wireless communications are disclosed. In one example aspect, a method for wireless communications includes receiving, by a network node in a communication network, a packet associated with a call that has been initiated for a user device, and determining, by the network node, location information carried in a header of the packet. The method also includes determining, by the network node using a mapping between location information and Major Trading Are (MTA) values, a MTA value corresponding to the location information carried in the header, and routing, by the network node based on the MTA value, the packet using a routing path that bypasses a circuit-switched based network.

The present disclosure proposes network elements, methods at the network elements for facilitating reuse of IP address, a telecommunications system comprising the network elements. The method at a first network element for facilitating reuse of an IP address at multiple UEs comprising a first UE comprises: transmitting, to a second network element, a first request message associated with the first UE, the first request message comprising the IP address and a first indicator which, in conjunction with the IP address, uniquely identifies the first UE.

The present disclosure proposes network elements, methods at the network elements for facilitating reuse of IP address, a telecommunications system comprising the network elements. The method at a first network element for facilitating reuse of an IP address at multiple UEs comprising a first UE comprises: transmitting, to a second network element, a first request message associated with the first UE, the first request message comprising the IP address and a first indicator which, in conjunction with the IP address, uniquely identifies the first UE.

Embodiments of this application provide a device interaction method and a core network device. The method includes: receiving, by a first core network device, identifier information of at least one UE sent by a first device, where the at least one UE includes at least one of the following: a UE that has established UE-to-network relay connection with a first UE and a UE that is to establish UE-to-network relay connection with the first UE; and interacting, by the first core network device based on identifier information of a second UE, with a second core network device, where the second UE is any one of the at least one UE; where the first core network device is a core network device serving the first UE, and the second core network device is a core network device serving the second UE.

Methods, apparatus and systems for address configuration for integrated access and backhaul (IAB) links are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a first network node is disclosed. The method comprises: obtaining, from an operations administration and maintenance (OAM) or a second network node, a first address information related to at least one Internet Protocol security (IPsec) address; generating, based on the first address information, a second address information; and transmitting, to the second network node, the second address information based on a radio resource control (RRC) message, wherein the first network node and the second network node are connected via a backhaul link in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network.