An apparatus and method are provided for sending a first data packet comprising a Quality of Service (QoS) data flow identifier indicating a QoS data flow which the first data packet belongs to, and a data flow sequence number indicating a position of the first data packet in a sequence of the QoS data flow. A second data packet that is a duplicative of the first data packet is sent in a second QoS data flow, and has a sequence number that is incremented from that of the first data packet. The duplicative packets are transmitted via a first tunnel for transmitting the first QoS flow and a second tunnel for transmitting the second QoS flow. Reliability of such data transmission may therefore be improved. The duplication and sequencing may be implemented in the downlink and/or uplink direction.

In one aspect, a device, operating in an access network that can provide a plurality of QoS levels for user data flowing to and from the device, establishes a packet data session via the access network and receives, from the access network, cost information associated with each of one or more QoS levels. The device selects, for user data for at least a first application or service, a QoS level from among the plurality of QoS levels based on the cost information. The device transmits packets carrying user data for the first application or service to the access network. The transmission includes applying a QoS treatment to the user data according to the selected QoS level.

This application provides a communication method and an apparatus. UE establishes a connection to a home access gateway by using CPE, the home access gateway sends configuration information of a first link and configuration information of a second link to the CPE, and sends the configuration information of the second link to the UE. The first link is a link between the CPE and the home access gateway, the second link is a link between the CPE and the UE, the configuration information of the first link is used to indicate quality of service QoS information of the first link, and the configuration information of the second link is used to indicate QoS information of the second link. The UE and the CPE ensure, based on respective configuration information, QoS of UE service data transmitted on the first link and the second link.

Embodiments include methods, performed by first node in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, for scheduling uplink (UL) transmissions in the IAB network. Such methods include receiving, from a first downstream node in the IAB network, a first buffer status report (BSR) indicating a first amount of UL data, with the first amount including UL data buffered at the first downstream node, and/or UL data expected to be received by the first downstream node. Such methods also include sending, to the first downstream node, a first UL resource grant indicating a time schedule of resources available for the first downstream node to transmit at least a portion of the first amount of UL data. In some embodiments, the first UL resource grant is sent after receiving the first BSR and without receiving a second UL resource grant from an upstream node in response to a second BSR.

The present disclosure disclosed a method of determining a buffer status report (BSR). The method comprises obtaining, by a user equipment (UE) from a buffer, data item to be sent; determining, by the UE, a size of the data item to be sent; determining, by the UE, a minimum number of required logical channel groups (LCGs) based on the data item to be sent; and determining, by the UE, at least one BSR with flexible length based on the size of the data item to be sent and the minimum number of the required LCGs. Information of the at least one BSR with flexible length includes the minimum number of the required LCGs, LCG identifiers (LCG IDs) respectively associated with the minimum number of the required LCGs, and at least one buffer area corresponding to the LCG IDs.

Provided are a resource allocation method for a sidelink and a terminal, which relates to the technical field of communications. The resource allocation method for a sidelink applied to the terminal includes: obtaining a mapping relationship between a specific target of the sidelink and a logical channel priority (LCP) restriction parameter of the sidelink; and performing resource allocation of the sidelink according to the mapping relationship; where the specific target comprises: a Quality of Service (QoS) parameter or a logical channel.

Provided are a resource allocation method for a sidelink and a terminal, which relates to the technical field of communications. The resource allocation method for a sidelink applied to the terminal includes: obtaining a mapping relationship between a specific target of the sidelink and a logical channel priority (LCP) restriction parameter of the sidelink; and performing resource allocation of the sidelink according to the mapping relationship; where the specific target comprises: a Quality of Service (QoS) parameter or a logical channel.

A method for invoking a teleoperated driving session for a transportation vehicle equipped with an automated driving function, hereinafter called teleoperated driving session, wherein the transportation vehicle is equipped with a number of environment detection sensors and a communication module for communicating to a control center computer. The method includes determining a quality of service prediction for the communication between the transportation vehicle and the control center computer for the time when the teleoperated driving session is invoked, and selecting the class of data to be exchanged with the control center computer during the teleoperated driving session based on the QoS prediction. The method includes selecting the control category for the teleoperated driving session based on at least the available end-to-end latency presented in the QoS prediction and starting the teleoperated driving session with the selected control category and selected data class to be exchanged with the control center computer.

Dynamic User Equipment (UE) beam switching for millimeter wave (mmWave) measurements in asynchronous networks is discussed in which a UE configured with a plurality of UE beams receives timing information of detected cells in an asynchronous network, and calculates, based on the timing information, a maximum offset for the detected cells indicating a timing difference between a pair of cells of the detected cells that is larger than a timing difference between any other pair of the detected cells. A UE beam switch from a UE beam to another UE beam of the plurality of beams is scheduled based on the maximum offset, which includes using the maximum offset to determine how often the UE beam switch can be performed. Other aspects and features are also claimed and described.

Various examples and schemes pertaining to on-demand network configuration of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) user equipment (UE) autonomy in New Radio (NR) mobile communications are described. An apparatus implemented in a first user equipment (UE) receives a signaling from a network node of a wireless network. Based on the signaling, the apparatus operates simultaneously in a network-controlled mode and an autonomous mode such that: (a) the first UE operates in the network-controlled mode with respect to resource allocation on a first sidelink with a second UE, and (b) the first UE operates in the autonomous mode with respect to resource allocation on a second sidelink with the second UE or a third UE.