A computer implemented system is provided for improving performance of transmission in real-time or near real-time applications from at least one transmitter unit to at least one receiver unit. The system includes an intelligent data connection manager utility that generates or accesses performance data for two or more data connections associated with the two or more communication networks, and based on the current performance data determining current network transmission characteristics associated the two or more data connections, and bonds the two or more data connections based on: a predetermined system latency requirement; and dynamically allocating different functions associated with data transmission between the two or more data connections based on their respective current network transmission characteristics. The data connection manager utility then manages dynamically the transmission of relatively large data sets across the two or more bonded or aggregated data connections in a way that meets the system latency requirement and improves performance in regards to other network performance criteria (including data transfer rate, errors, and/or packet loss). Related computer implemented methods are also provided.

A base station for communication with a plurality of mobile terminals in a mobile communications network is disclosed. The base station includes a plurality of transmitters, in which each transmitter is configured to provide a transmit radio signal to a distinct space when compared to the other transmitters. A first transmitter is configured to provide to a first space, a transmit radio signal carrying a multicast service. A second transmitter is configured to provide to a second space, distinct from the first space, a transmit radio signal carrying a unicast service, and the second space shares a first boundary with the first space.

A network device receives an IPv4-in-IPv6 packet. An IPv6 header is removed. A first DSCP value in a TC field and a second DSCP value in a ToS field is stored in a database. The IPv4 packet is forwarded upstream and a return IPv4 packet is received. The returned IPv4 packet is encapsulated to form an IPv6 packet. The first DSCP value and the second DSCP value are retrieved from the database. Based on the at least one policy, the second DSCP value is inserted into an IPv4 ToS field and into an IPv6 TC field, the retrieved second DSCP value is inserted into the IPv4 ToS field and the first DSCP value is inserted into the IPv6 TC field, or the first DSCP value is inserted into the IPv6 TC field and into the IPv4 ToS field. The network device then forwards the IPv6 packet downstream.

The present disclosure provides a method whereby a mobility management entity (MME) in a cellular communication system transmits uplink data, the method comprising: receiving uplink data from a terminal; determining if the received uplink data is an Internet Protocol (IP) packet by examining the uplink data; transmitting the uplink data to a destination node via a packet data network (PDN) if the uplink data is an IP packet; and transmitting the uplink data to the destination node via a service capability exposure function (SCEF) if the uplink data is not an IP packet, wherein the uplink data comprises an indicator for indicating whether the uplink data is an IP packet.

The present disclosure provides a method whereby a mobility management entity (MME) in a cellular communication system transmits uplink data, the method comprising: receiving uplink data from a terminal; determining if the received uplink data is an Internet Protocol (IP) packet by examining the uplink data; transmitting the uplink data to a destination node via a packet data network (PDN) if the uplink data is an IP packet; and transmitting the uplink data to the destination node via a service capability exposure function (SCEF) if the uplink data is not an IP packet, wherein the uplink data comprises an indicator for indicating whether the uplink data is an IP packet.

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and apparatus related to a restrictive target wake time (TWT) service period (SP) system. A device may determine a beacon frame to be sent to one or more power save devices. The device may determine a time duration of a TWT SP associated with the one or more power save devices. The device may determine a first trigger frame including a cascade indication. The device may determine a first time associated with the first trigger frame. The device may cause to send the trigger frame to the one or more power save devices based at least in part on a remaining duration of the TWT SP.

Presented herein are techniques to facilitate dynamic switching for user equipment between unique cell and shared cell operating modes based on application traffic. In one example, a method may include determining, a quality of service (QoS) to be provided for a traffic flow of a user equipment (UE) in which the mobile network includes a radio access network (RAN) including a plurality of radio units (RUs) in which at least two RUs provides a shared cell and each RU provides a unique cell; identifying an operating mode for the UE based on the QoS in which the operating mode indicates whether the traffic flow is to be communicated using a shared cell or a unique cell operating mode; and causing the UE to communicate the traffic flow using the shared cell the unique cell operating mode.

The present disclosure describes methods and apparatus for supporting QoS and media flow mapping over simultaneous connection for a user equipment (UE), when the simultaneous connections are established over heterogeneous systems having different QoS models, such as 3GPP LTE (4G) QoS model and 3GPP 5G QoS model. The 4G and 5G networks may share the user plane and/or share a policy server. In one aspect, methods for consolidating and distributing the QoS for the NGBR flow and bearer across simultaneous PDN connection over 4G and PDU session over 5G to the same data network (DN) or different DNs are provided. In another aspect, methods are provided for mapping one or more media flows of a multimedia session, such as an IMS session, over simultaneous 4G and 5G connections for a UE are provided, where the 4G connection and the 5G connection for the UE may or may not share the assigned IP address for the UE.

The present disclosure relates to a communication technique of fusing a 5G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rate beyond a 4G system with an IoT technology and a system thereof. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, health care, digital education, retail business, security and safety related service, or the like) based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT related technology. A communication method of a base station, the method comprising: establishing at least one bearer with a terminal; receiving a downlink packet being transmitted to the terminal; determining a bearer mapped to quality of service (QoS) information of the downlink packet; and transmitting, to the terminal, the downlink packet through the determined bearer.

An embodiment of this application provides a communications method. The method includes: generating, by an first base station, a radio resource control release message on which encryption and integrity protection are performed by using a new key; and sending, by the first base station, the radio resource control release message to a second base station, thereby improving security of communication between the serving device and the terminal and reducing signaling overheads for performing key negotiation over an air interface.