A method of facilitating the handover of a User Equipment, UE, in a telecommunication network from a base station to a relay node, which relay node is arranged to relay traffic between serving UE and said base station, wherein said method comprises the steps of receiving, by said relay node, from said base station a request for handing over a UE connected to said base station, determining, by said relay node, that a Quality-of-Service, QoS parameter of said UE is below a QoS threshold, transmitting, by said relay node, to said base station, based on said determining, a handover acknowledgement message thereby facilitating the handover of said CE from said base station to said relay node.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatus for beam recovery and radio link failure (RLF) in communications systems using beamforming and operating according to new radio (NR) technologies. An exemplary method that may be performed by a UE includes communicating using beamforming with a base station (BS) via a transmit beam and a receive beam of an active beam pair and obtaining an indication of one or more alternative beams for the UE to use to send a beam recovery message to the BS in the event the transmit beam and the receive beam of the active beam pair become misaligned.

Systems and methods for causing control information to be sent from a source base station to a target base station via a user plane is provided. In a network that uses control plane and user plane separation, the systems and methods provided herein reduce time delays between handovers in the control plane and handovers in the user plane. The time delays are reduced by minimizing a duration of the handover preparation phase by sending control information with payload packets between network functions via in-band signaling in the user plane.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). The embodiments in the present disclosure allow to transfer remaining data between different base stations in a dual-registration interworking process, which provides terminal mobility between 4G and 5G networks without a data loss. Further, it provides the terminal mobility with no data loss without changing 5G and 4G base station implementation through addition of a simple function of new equipment, such as SMF and UPF. Further, it supports different QoS and forwarding path units in the 5G/4G networks without changing 5G and 4G base station functions. Further, it exempts additional function implementation costs for re-ordering in a terminal and a network through in-order delivery of packets to the terminal without changing the packet order during 4G-5G network movement.

A communication method, apparatus, and system are disclosed, to provide a mechanism of mobility, of a terminal device that supports private networks, between the private networks. The method includes: a first access network device determines, based on a first list, a target cell that belongs to a target first network, where the first list includes an identity of at least one first network to which a terminal device subscribes. The first access network device sends a first message to a second access network device that serves the target cell, the first message carries a second list, the second list is used to enable the second access network device to determine the identity of the at least one first network to which the terminal device subscribes.

Methods performed by base stations and wireless devices in networks are disclosed. A method performed by a base station comprises: initiating a QoS-flow to DRB remapping; informing a target base station that the remapping is ongoing; and providing the target base station an old and a new QoS-flow to DRB mapping, wherein the old mapping was in place before the remapping, and the new mapping will be in place after the remapping. Another method performed by a base station comprises: receiving an indication from a further base station that QoS-flow to DRB remapping is ongoing; receiving an old and a new QoS-flow to DRB mapping from the further base station; and receiving signals from a wireless device using the old and new QoS-flow to DRB mappings. A method performed by the wireless device comprises: sending data packets using a first QoS-flow to DRB mapping; receiving a new mapping; and sending an SOAR end marker, indicating that the wireless device is applying the new mapping. Also disclosed are base stations and wireless devices configured to perform the methods.

Antenna nodes are controlled to maintain a respective radio cell, each cell having one and the same physical cell identity. The antenna nodes are further controlled to maintain the respective radio cell in a single direction substantially along a path such that each wireless communication device, during movement in a movement direction along the path, can connect either to consecutive antenna nodes towards which the wireless communication device is moving or connect to consecutive antenna nodes away from which the wireless communication device is moving.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may initiate handover from one base station to another. The handover procedure may not include random access channel (RACH) transmissions, and thus may be a localized RACH-less handover. The UE may initiate handover to a new base station based on the relative location of the UE and the new base station, some predetermined time, or based on the characteristics of the signals from each base station.

A handover method, including sending, by a source base station to a source core network device in a process of handing user equipment (UE) over from the source base station to a target base station, a handover required message. The message comprises identification information of a target core network device, and the identification information of the target core network device instructs the source core network device to perform a core network relocation process with the target core network device. The source base station is connected to the source core network device, and the target base station is connected to both the source core network device and the target core network device.

A wireless device is configured to support connections to one or more serving cells in a first radio access network (RAN), using a first radio access technology (RAT) and to one or more serving cells in a second RAN, using a second RAT that differs from the first RAT. The wireless device receives one or more handover commands as part of a handover of the wireless device to a base station in the first RAN, and determines, based on the one or more handover commands, that the wireless device is to revert from a currently configured Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) configuration to a PDCP configuration associated with the first RAT. The wireless device then reverts to the PDCP configuration associated with the first RAT, in response to said determining.