Cell handover method and apparatus are provided. The method applied to a first base station includes: transmitting a handover request message, wherein the handover request message includes a capacity indication message of a pre-configuration parameter; receiving a handover request acknowledgement message, wherein the handover request acknowledgement message includes the pre-configuration parameter, and a capacity of the pre-configuration parameter is determined based on the capacity indication message; and transmitting a handover command based on the handover request acknowledgement message. The method applied to a second base station includes: receiving a handover request message, wherein the handover request message includes a capacity indication message of a pre-configuration parameter; generating a handover request acknowledgement message based on the handover request message, wherein the handover request acknowledgement message includes the pre-configuration parameter, and a capacity of the pre-configuration parameter is determined based on the capacity indication message; and transmitting the handover request acknowledgement message.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may identify that the UE is configured to use a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure. The two-step RACH procedure may include an uplink request message and a downlink response. The UE may transmit the uplink request message as part of the two-step RACH procedure, and the uplink request message may include a preamble portion that is one of a set of predefined sequences and a payload portion that includes a physical uplink shared channel waveform. The UE may receive the downlink response as part of the two-step RACH procedure and in response to the uplink request message.

This disclosure provides a method unmanned aerial vehicle handover, a base station, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The method for unmanned aerial vehicle handover includes: when base stations meeting handover conditions are determined based on a measurement report sent by an unmanned aerial vehicle, determining whether there is a candidate base station that has completed a handover preparation existed among the base stations meeting the handover conditions; and when there is a candidate base station that has completed the handover preparation existed among the base stations meeting the handover conditions, handing over the unmanned aerial vehicle to the candidate base station meeting the handover conditions.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). The embodiments in the present disclosure allow to transfer remaining data between different base stations in a dual-registration interworking process, which provides terminal mobility between 4G and 5G networks without a data loss. Further, it provides the terminal mobility with no data loss without changing 5G and 4G base station implementation through addition of a simple function of new equipment, such as SMF and UPF. Further, it supports different QoS and forwarding path units in the 5G/4G networks without changing 5G and 4G base station functions. Further, it exempts additional function implementation costs for re-ordering in a terminal and a network through in-order delivery of packets to the terminal without changing the packet order during 4G-5G network movement.

Various embodiments are generally directed to improved channel quality information feedback techniques. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus for a base station is provided that includes a radio interface and a processor coupled to the radio interface. The processor is configured to receive a channel quality indicator (CQI) index, wherein the CQI index is based on a channel state information (CSI) reference resource, further wherein a first three orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of the CSI reference resource are occupied by control signals, select a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on the CQI index, and cause transmission of the PDSCH based on the selected MCS via the radio interface. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

A method is disclosed for providing network access by a network stack in a communication device comprising a plurality of physical communication interfaces, each comprising a data link layer for the exchange of data frames with remote communication devices and a data link layer interface for exchanging data of data frames between the data link layer and higher layers in the network stack; and wherein the method comprises i) providing an abstraction data link layer comprising a single abstracted data link layer interface such that the plurality of physical communication interfaces appear as a single data link layer interface to the higher layers; and ii) obtaining network packets from the higher layers and distributing the network packets over the plurality of physical communication interfaces according to a neutral packet distribution scheme.

A relay apparatus that relays communication between a base station apparatus and a communication apparatus that is connected to the base station apparatus transmits, in a case where the relay apparatus is connected to another base station apparatus, a message requesting connection with the other base station apparatus, to the communication apparatus.

A method for time synchronization determination and related products are provided. The method includes the following. A terminal device receives a handover command from a first device, where the first device is a device currently accessed by the terminal device, and the handover command indicates that the terminal device hands over from the first device to a second device. The terminal device obtains and determines time synchronization information of the second device.

A method, system and computer readable media for reducing Packet Gateway (PGW) initiated signaling with a Serving Gateway (SGW) is presented. In one example embodiment a method for reducing Packet Gateway (PGW) initiated signaling with a Serving Gateway (SGW), includes determining by the PGW that a Packet Data Network (PDN) is undergoing S1-handover

with the SGW-relocation; buffering, by the PGW, bearer procedure messages and starting a guard timer; and re-attempting the buffered messages until a condition has been met.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a switching method and a switching device. When a mobile terminal needs to be switched from a first communication network to a second communication network, detecting whether the mobile terminal is in a ringing state. When the mobile terminal is in the ringing state, detecting whether the mobile terminal is switched from the ringing state into a connecting state within a predetermined time period. When the mobile terminal is switched from the ringing state into the connecting state within the predetermined time period, performing an IMS registration through the second communication network to connect the mobile terminal to the second communication network.