A communication system comprising a non-terrestrial network part is disclosed in which a user equipment (UE) is served by one of the cells of the non-terrestrial network part. The UE determines whether to delay/suspend a small data transmission, based one or more associated parameters, so as to avoid a radio link failure or a handover. When the transmission is delayed/suspended, the UE initiates/resumes the data transmission in a new serving cell (e.g. after cell reselection or RRC establishment in the new cell), or via a relay (e.g. a device-to-device relay).

A first base station receives from a second base station, a handover request message for a wireless device. The handover request message comprises: one or more temporary mobile group identities (TMGIs) of one or more multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) services that the wireless device is receiving or interested to receive; and at least one bearer identifier of at least one bearer for the wireless device. The first base station sends to the second base station, a handover request acknowledge message in response to the handover request message. The handover request acknowledge message indicates accepting at least one of the at least one bearer. The first base station transmits transport blocks comprising: MBMS transport blocks providing at least one of the one or more MBMS services to the wireless device; and data transport blocks of the at least one of the at least one bearer.

A method includes receiving initial acknowledgement resource information at a user device from a base station. The initial acknowledgement resource information is associated with a subset of acknowledgement resources. The method includes determining in dependence on the initial acknowledgement resource information which of the subset of acknowledgement resources is to be used. The user device transmits an acknowledgement on the determined resource.

This application provides a switching method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system. The method includes: When a user plane network element that provides services for a first terminal device is switched, a target user plane network element after switching sends, to a session management network element, information indicating that the user plane network element of the first terminal device is switched, and includes tunnel information of the target user plane network element after the switching in the information. In this way, the session management network element may provide the tunnel information of the target user plane network element of the first terminal device after the switching to a user plane network element of a second terminal device in a timely manner, to ensure correct switching.

A method for user detachment when a handover or change occurs in a heterogeneous network is provided. The method includes: a user equipment (UE) is handed over or switched from a source network to a target network; a network element on a network side determines whether to detach the UE from the source network, and if yes, the network element on the network side detaches the UE from the source network. A system and a device for user detachment when a handover or change occurs in a heterogeneous network, and another method for user detachment when a handover or change occurs in a heterogeneous network are also provided.

Methods and systems for a vehicle system that include determining whether a vehicle action is necessary and providing a notification to predetermined users. Sensors provide signals to a sensing control system to generate the notification.

Generally, this disclosure provides apparatus and methods for improved control channel monitoring in a New Carrier Type (NCT) wireless network. A User Equipment (UE) device may include a receiver circuit to receive a Multicast/Broadcast over Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) for Physical Multicast Channel (P-MCH) transmission from an evolved Node B (eNB); an MBSFN for P-MCH detection module to detect and extract an enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH) signal from the MBSFN subframe for P-MCH transmission; and an EPDCCH monitor module to decode and monitor the extracted EPDCCH signal.

A first base station may communicate with a second base station regarding a wireless device and handover. The first base station may send the wireless device's configuration to the second base station, and may receive, from the second base station, configuration parameters of carriers associated with the wireless device. The carriers may be of different types, and may have differences regarding reference signals. The first base station may inform the wireless device of the configuration parameters.

Provided are a method for performing handover in a cellular mobile communication system that supports a carrier aggregation, and a user equipment and a node base (NodeB) using the method. A connection between the user equipment and the NodeB may be maintained and information may be exchanged using a plurality of serving carriers. Before performing the handover, the user equipment may perform measurement with respect to a neighboring NodeB supporting the carrier aggregation, and may provide parameter information to the NodeB in order to support a carrier aggregation function required for the handover. Ina handover seamless environment, the continuity of a service may be provided and the performance of the service may be enhanced.

A communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes an MME (25) that, by movement of a UE (45), performs Tracking Area Update processing that changes a location registration area of the UE (45) and manages the location registration area of the UE (45) before change, and a PGW (75) that sends, to the MME (25), a control signal required to be notified to the UE (45) during execution of the Tracking Area Update processing. When the MME (25) receives the control signal, it sends a response signal indicating that the Tracking Area Update processing is being executed to the PGW (75), and, after completion of the Tracking Area Update processing, the PGW (75) sends the control signal to an MME (35) that manages the location registration area of the UE (45) after change.