A base station apparatus (1) is configured to send a first information element to an inter-base-station gateway (3). The first information element explicitly or implicitly indicates whether a relay operation is necessary. The relay operation is an operation in which the inter-base-station gateway (3) relays a data packet destined for or sent from a radio terminal between the base station apparatus (1) and another base station (2). It is thus, for example, possible to contribute to enabling a base station or an inter-base-station gateway to select whether a relay operation by the inter-base-station gateway should be performed at the time of an inter-base-station handover.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques for performing handover from a source base station to a target base station. According to one aspect, a method generally includes receiving a handover request from a source base station for handover of communication of a user equipment from the source base station to the target base station, generating a scheduling uplink grant for the user equipment to transmit a handover complete message based on receiving the handover request, and communicating the grant to the user equipment.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for efficiently controlling a handover process and a Radio Link Failure (RLF) process. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an operating method of a User Equipment (UE) includes starting a first timer while a second timer regarding a radio link failure (RLF) is running, and if one of the first timer and the second timer expires, performing a radio resource control (RRC) connection re-establishment. When the handover and the RLF concurrently occur in the mobile communication system, the embodiments of the present disclosure can minimize the service interruption time by conducting the handover instead of the Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection re-establishment due to the RLF.

The invention relates to an improved handover procedure for a mobile terminal. Under control of the target base station, the mobile terminal is to perform a handoff to a target base station, wherein it is to be configured for communication with the target base station via a target radio cell comprising a downlink carrier and an uplink carrier. The mobile terminal receives a handoff command message for the handoff to the target base station including a handoff execution condition as trigger for executing handoff to the target base station. Then, the mobile terminal determines, based on the received handoff execution condition, whether or not the mobile terminal is to trigger execution of the handoff to the target base station. In case the mobile terminal determines that it is to trigger execution of the handoff to the target base station, the mobile terminal executes the handoff to the target base station.

The present invention relates to nodes and method in such nodes of a Radio Access Network or a Backhaul Network connected to the Radio Access Network comprising a number of Radio Base Station nodes being connected to the Backhaul Network comprising communication paths for transferring data packets. There are nodes configured to support the performing of a method involving receiving a notification indicating congestion in one or more data paths of the Backhaul Network and deciding based on current radio information and data path information to initiate handover of data packet traffic from one Radio Base Station to another Radio Base Station for solving the congestion problem in the indicated one or more data communication paths.

Antenna nodes are controlled to maintain a respective radio cell, each cell having one and the same physical cell identity. The antenna nodes are further controlled to maintain the respective radio cell in a single direction substantially along a path such that each wireless communication device, during movement in a movement direction along the path, can connect either to consecutive antenna nodes towards which the wireless communication device is moving or connect to consecutive antenna nodes away from which the wireless communication device is moving.

An access terminal pre-registers with a second access network via a first access network to ensure a quick handover in the future. Frequent pre-registration attempts are avoided by implementing a hysteresis timer that restricts when a pre-registration process can be initiated. The hysteresis timer is started when pre-registration is initiated by the access terminal. No new pre-registration attempts are permitted if the hysteresis timer has not expired. An abort condition can cause the hysteresis timer to be aborted early, and a new pre-registration can be initiated. Access points in the first access network may be grouped into one or more pre-registration zones. If the access terminal moves from a first access point to a second access point, a new pre-registration is skipped if the first and second access points have the same pre-registration zone or the second access point is aware of the pre-registration zone for the first access point.

Methods, systems, and a computer readable medium are provided for a vehicle containing multiple blade processors for performing vehicle and/or infotainment tasks, functions, and operations. The blade processors can be included in a crate having a first communication zone defining a trusted network within the vehicle to connect with trusted computational devices and/or modules provided or certified by the vehicle manufacturer but not untrusted computational devices and/or modules provided by vehicle occupants, a second communication zone defining an untrusted network to connect with the untrusted computational devices and/or modules, and a third communication zone providing power and data transmission to the blade processors. A master blade processor can assign a component and/or module requiring a blade processor for execution to a selected blade processor.

A communication device for handling a CWA comprises a storage device for storing instructions and a processing circuit coupled to the storage device. The processing circuit is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage device. The instructions comprise receiving a radio bearer configuration configuring a radio bearer as a CWA bearer and a CWA configuration, from a cell of a cellular network; configuring the radio bearer as the CWA bearer according to the radio bearer configuration; enabling data handling for the CWAAP entity in response to the CWA configuration; communicating a plurality of CWAAP PDUs associated to the CWA bearer with a WLAN at the CWAAP entity; receiving a handover command from the cell or performing a RRC connection reestablishment procedure; and disabling the data handling for the CWA bearer at the CWAAP entity, and determining that the radio bearer is a cellular-only bearer.

A method of operating a communication system includes communicating a traffic channel information stream with a wireless device using a first air-interface scheme while communicating control channel information with the wireless device using the first air-interface scheme. The control channel information is communicated with the wireless device using the first air-interface scheme is used to handover the wireless device from the first air-interface scheme to a second air-interface scheme. After the handover of the wireless device from the first air-interface scheme to the second air-interface scheme, the traffic channel information stream is communicated with the wireless device using the second air-interface scheme while still communicating control channel information with the wireless device using the first air-interface scheme.