A network device may receive an indication of movement of a user device, associated with multiple packet data unit (PDU) sessions, from a first radio access network (RAN) to a second RAN, and may maintain, based on the indication, a particular PDU session, of the multiple PDU sessions, associated with a default flow. The network device may release, based on the indication, the multiple PDU sessions other than the particular PDU session, and may handle the multiple PDU sessions, other than the particular PDU session, in accordance with a handling option.

A communication terminal (10) according to the present disclosure includes: a control unit (12) configured to, in a case of a movement from a communication area formed by the 5GS to a communication area formed by the EPS or a movement from a communication area formed by the EPS to a communication area formed by the 5GS, determine whether or not a communication system forming a communication area at a movement destination can satisfy requirements of services; and a communication unit (11) configured to, when it is determined that the communication system forming the communication area at the movement destination can satisfy the requirements of the services, send a connection request message to the communication system forming the communication area at the movement destination.

Automatic neighbor relationships (ANR) and voice over new radio (VoNR) microservices can be implemented within a radio access network intelligent controller (RIC), which receives load information from network nodes and user equipment measurements from user equipment. The RIC can create and maintain real-time load information and leverage slicing knowledge of neighbor cells during mobility to direct the user equipment to various network slices. Thus, an enhanced radio access network (RAN) neighbor relationship that utilizes slicing information and VoNR preferences based on current and historical data can provide slice level RAN neighbor visibility on top of physical ANR relationships to enable enhancements for mobility management optimization for VoNR functionality.

The embodiments herein relate to a network device, a network node, a mobile device and respective method. The network device is configured to receive from a network node of each network provider information including a percentage of network utilization and based on that information determine a list including information on network providers to which mobile devices may connect to in the event of an emergency. The network providers being comprised in a given geographical area and connected to the network device.

Disclosed is a radio communication system capable of implementing a state transition related to an intermediate state between a connected state and an idle state.

An aspect of the present invention relates to a user equipment, wherein the user equipment includes a state management unit that manages a communication state of the user equipment, and a state transition unit that causes the communication state of the user equipment to transition, and when the user equipment is communicating with the first base station, if cell reselection for the second base station is performed, the state transition unit performs the cell reselection for the second base station while the state management unit retains first radio parameter information for radio communication between the user equipment and the first base station and a first context identifier specifying the first radio parameter information.

A mobile telecommunications system anchor base station for a mobile telecommunications system has at least one anchor cell and at least one slave cell which is associated with the anchor cell. The anchor base station has circuitry which is configured to activate or deactivate the slave cell, based on a service requirement received from at least one user equipment.

In some embodiments, a non-transitory processor-readable medium includes code to cause a processor to receive at a tunnel server, a data unit addressed to a communication device, and define, a first instance of the data unit and a second instance of the data unit. The first instance of the data unit is sent to the communication device via a first tunnel defined between at least the tunnel server and a first base station associated with a first network. The second instance of the data unit is sent to the communication device via a second tunnel defined between at least the tunnel server and a second base station associated with a second network. The second instance of the data unit is dropped by the communication device when the first instance of the data unit is received before the second instance of the data unit.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a mechanism to enable interworking between fifth generation system (5GS) network slicing and evolved packet core (EPC) connectivity. In an example, techniques are provided for existing packet data unit (PDU) sessions that provide connectivity to a network slice from a set of network slices. Connectivity to the network slice is in response to a user equipment (UE), that uses network slices, moving between a 5G network and a 4G network. The existing PDU sessions are connected to a dedicated EPC core network that supports the same services provided by the network slice.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A method may include determining to modify current-allowed network slices used by a user equipment (UE) based on a network-trigger; identifying new-allowed network slices for the UE based on the determining; selecting a target access and mobility management function (AMF) based on the new-allowed network slices, the target AMF is accessible by the source AMF; and triggering an AMF relocation based on the selecting.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, accessing a service by a first network operating within a first wireless spectrum, wherein the service includes control and data forwarding operations of the first network are separate and configured to facilitate forwarding of user data via the data forwarding operations. A second network is identified operating within a second wireless spectrum. A request that the accessing of the network service be transferred to the second network is made without interrupting the forwarding of the user data. A response to the request is detected via the control operations, also without interrupting the forwarding of the user data. Responsive to an indication that the second network has been configured to accommodate a redirection of the forwarding of the user data from the first network to the second, the redirection is facilitated. Other embodiments are disclosed.