A Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) system is provided. The MEC system includes a user equipment (UE), an MEC device, and a core network. The MEC device includes a relay User Plane Function (UPF) module, a first UPF module, and a second UPF module. The core network performs a UPF path management corresponding to the UE based on a notification of the MEC device. When the UE attaches to a network, the MEC device establishes an idle session between the UE and the relay UPF module. When the MEC device determines that a service for the UE needs to be switched from the first UPF module to the second UPF module and the second UPF module has not been activated, the MEC device notifies the core network to switch the service for the UE from the first UPF module to the relay UPF module first.

A Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) system is provided. The MEC system includes a user equipment (UE), an MEC device, and a core network. The MEC device includes a relay User Plane Function (UPF) module, a first UPF module, and a second UPF module. The core network performs a UPF path management corresponding to the UE based on a notification of the MEC device. When the UE attaches to a network, the MEC device establishes an idle session between the UE and the relay UPF module. When the MEC device determines that a service for the UE needs to be switched from the first UPF module to the second UPF module and the second UPF module has not been activated, the MEC device notifies the core network to switch the service for the UE from the first UPF module to the relay UPF module first.

A method performed by a connectivity-related network entity is provided. The method includes: receiving, from a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway and a Serving Gateway (SGW), a Short Message Service (SMS) message to be sent in a downlink; determining to use a control plane only, out of the control plane and a user plane, for transferring the SMS message; transmitting a trigger message to a user equipment to initiate establishment of connectivity with the user equipment via the control plane only and not via the user plane, wherein the user equipment starts a timer when the establishment of the control plane connectivity is initiated; receiving a response message from the user equipment; encapsulating the SMS message in a security protected Non-Access Stratum (NAS) message; and transmitting the security protected NAS message to the user equipment, in receipt of which the user equipment stops the timer.

In the context of management of handover roaming, a communication system comprises a first LPWAN network of a first operator and a second LPWAN network of a second operator. The first network comprises gathering gateways, a first server managing the gathering gateways, and a second server controlling the MAC layer. The second network comprises a third server interfacing fourth and fifth servers with the second server. Uplink frames of application data are transported from an end device of the second operator to the fourth server by successive relayings of the first, second and third servers. However, when the end device of the second operator requests joining the communication system in order to benefit from the services of the fourth server, the gathering gateways communicate with the fifth server, short-circuiting the first, second and third servers.

A communication system includes a base station configuring an energy saving cell (ES cell) and a base station configuring a compensation cell (Comp cell). The ES cell is switchable between a switch-on state and a switch-off state. The Comp cell compensates for the coverage of the ES cell when the ES cell is in the switch-off state. Before the Comp cell starts compensating for the coverage, for example, before the ES cell decides to switch itself off in Step ST2101, in Step ST2201 for example, the base station configuring the ES cell notifies the UE being connected with the ES cell of the information about a Comp cell, for example, a Comp cell list.

A method is performed in a first infrastructure equipment for a handover of a wireless device from the first infrastructure equipment as a source to a second infrastructure equipment as a target. The method comprises maintaining a mapping between a plurality of packet bearers and a data radio bearer for the wireless device, each of the plurality of packet bearers being configured to provide a specified quality of service, determining that the wireless device should handover from the first infrastructure equipment to the second infrastructure equipment, determining that the second infrastructure equipment does not support the mapping of the plurality of packet bearers to the data radio bearer, and providing an indication of a mapping of the plurality of packet bearers for the second infrastructure equipment after handover to one of a core network equipment and the second infrastructure equipment.

Disclosed is a way to expand the range of Internet of Things devices in a home, office, or structure to the range of a local WiFi network. This is accomplished by generating a network bridge for the devices using machine-to-machine protocols to communicate using the WiFi network backhaul channel. Transmissions in machine-to-machine protocol are tunneled through WiFi communications and extracted by the closest access point. Access points include radios for both WiFi and machine-to-machine protocols.

Disclosed is a way to expand the range of Internet of Things devices in a home, office, or structure to the range of a local WiFi network. This is accomplished by generating a network bridge for the devices using machine-to-machine protocols to communicate using the WiFi network backhaul channel. Transmissions in machine-to-machine protocol are tunneled through WiFi communications and extracted by the closest access point. Access points include radios for both WiFi and machine-to-machine protocols.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described for service continuity in make-before-break handover procedures. A user equipment (UE) may receive grants for two or more concurrent communications with a source base station and a target base station during the handover procedure, where the UE may be incapable of performing the two or more concurrent communications. The UE may use one or more priority rules to determine communication priority. The one or more priority rules identify one or more channel types that have a higher priority than other channel types, may identify whether communications with the source base station or the target base station have priority, among other examples.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described for service continuity in make-before-break handover procedures. A user equipment (UE) may receive grants for two or more concurrent communications with a source base station and a target base station during the handover procedure, where the UE may be incapable of performing the two or more concurrent communications. The UE may use one or more priority rules to determine communication priority. The one or more priority rules identify one or more channel types that have a higher priority than other channel types, may identify whether communications with the source base station or the target base station have priority, among other examples.