A method of an access and mobility function (AMF) for state management in a wireless communication system is provided. The method comprises determining a state of at least one state machine, receiving, from a target access network (AN), an N2 path switch request message based on the state of the at least one state machine, transmitting, to a session management function (SMF), an N11 message, and transmitting, to the target AN, an N2 path switch request acknowledgement (Ack) message when receiving an N11 Ack message, from the SMF, corresponding to the N11 message, wherein the target AN transmits a release resource message to a source AN when the target AN receives the N2 path switch request Ack message.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may measure, while communicating with a serving transmit receive point (TRP) in a half-duplex communication mode, one or more synchronization signal block (SSB) beams associated with one or more neighbor TRPs. The UE may transmit, to a base station, a mobility report indicating at least one candidate TRP based at least in part on determining that an SSB beam transmitted by the at least one candidate TRP satisfies criteria to be paired in a full-duplex communication mode or a simultaneous half-duplex multi-TRP (mTRP) communication mode. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture for digital twin aided resiliency are disclosed. An example method includes accessing operational statistics corresponding to one or more physical entities, the one or more physical entities including user equipment and network equipment; updating one or more virtual entities within a virtual environment that correspond, respectively, to the one or more physical entities with the operational statistics; simulating a change to the virtual environment based on the operational statistics; generating a recommendation for the network equipment to perform a task based on the simulated change; and in response to determining a confidence of the recommendation meets a threshold confidence, provide the recommendation to the network equipment.

A method of coordinating a plurality of radio access networks (RANs) includes aggregating, with a gateway, communications interfaces between a plurality of RANs and a packet core network through the gateway. A plurality of radio nodes (RNs) in each of the RANs is communicatively coupled to the gateway and to user equipment (UE) devices associated with the RNs in each of the RANs. The gateway also controls and coordinates mobility of the UE devices within and among the RANs. In addition, the gateway acts as a virtual enhanced NodeB (eNB) to the packet core network, thereby hiding the aggregated communications interfaces from the packet core network.

A system includes a server; a plurality of wireless networks coupled to the server; and one or more mobile devices coupled to the wireless networks with intermittent access to the wireless networks, the plurality of wireless networks providing data communication between client and server applications over multiple available connections.

A system includes a server; a plurality of wireless networks coupled to the server; and one or more mobile devices coupled to the wireless networks with intermittent access to the wireless networks, the plurality of wireless networks providing data communication between client and server applications over multiple available connections.

Example communication methods and apparatus are described. In one example method, a terminal disables a capability of accessing a first network. The terminal receives a wireless capability obtaining message from an access network device of a second network, where the wireless capability obtaining message is used to request to obtain a wireless capability of the terminal. The terminal sends a first notification message to the access network device of the second network, where the first notification message is used to indicate that the terminal does not support access to the first network. In this way, the access network device of the second network can learn that the terminal has disabled access to the first network.

A Machine-to-machine (M2M) terminal (11) comprises a radio communication unit (111) and a controller (112). The radio communication unit (111) is configured to communicate with a base station (13). The controller (112) is configured to change at least one of a cell selection operation, a cell reselection operation, and a handover operation according to whether a specific coverage enhancement processing is required or according to whether the specific coverage enhancement processing is supported by at least one of a cell (13) in which the M2M terminal (11) camps on and a neighbouring cell (14) of the cell (13) which the M2M terminal (11) camps on. It is thus possible to provide an improved technique for allowing the M2M terminal that is supporting a special coverage enhancement processing for M2M terminals to camp on an appropriate cell.

A Machine-to-machine (M2M) terminal (11) comprises a radio communication unit (111) and a controller (112). The radio communication unit (111) is configured to communicate with a base station (13). The controller (112) is configured to change at least one of a cell selection operation, a cell reselection operation, and a handover operation according to whether a specific coverage enhancement processing is required or according to whether the specific coverage enhancement processing is supported by at least one of a cell (13) in which the M2M terminal (11) camps on and a neighbouring cell (14) of the cell (13) which the M2M terminal (11) camps on. It is thus possible to provide an improved technique for allowing the M2M terminal that is supporting a special coverage enhancement processing for M2M terminals to camp on an appropriate cell.

A method of coordinating a plurality of radio access networks (RANs) includes aggregating, with a gateway, communications interfaces between a plurality of RANs and a packet core network through the gateway. A plurality of radio nodes (RNs) in each of the RANs is communicatively coupled to the gateway and to user equipment (UE) devices associated with the RNs in each of the RANs. The gateway also controls and coordinates mobility of the UE devices within and among the RANs. In addition, the gateway acts as a virtual enhanced NodeB (eNB) to the packet core network, thereby hiding the aggregated communications interfaces from the packet core network.